Virulence and evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960-2012

Natalie A. Prow; Judith H. Edmonds; David T. Williams; Yin X. Setoh; Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann; Willy W. Suen; Jody Hobson-Peters; Andrew F. van den Hurk; Alyssa T. Pyke; Sonja Hall-Mendelin; Judith A. Northill; Cheryl A. Johansen; David Warrilow; Jianning Wang; Peter D. Kirkland; Stephen Doggett; Christy C. Andrade; Aaron Brault; Alexander A. Khromykh; Roy A. Hall

doi:10.3201/eid2208.151719

Virulence and evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960-2012

Natalie A. Prow, Judith H. Edmonds, David T. Williams, Yin X. Setoh, Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Willy W. Suen, Jody Hobson-Peters, Andrew F. van den Hurk, Alyssa T. Pyke, Sonja Hall-Mendelin, Judith A. Northill, Cheryl A. Johansen, David Warrilow, Jianning Wang, Peter D. Kirkland, Stephen Doggett, Christy C. Andrade, Aaron Brault, Alexander A. Khromykh, Roy A. Hall

School of Veterinary Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Worldwide, West Nile virus (WNV) causes encephalitis in humans, horses, and birds. The Kunjin strain of WNV (WNV_KUN) is endemic to northern Australia, but infections are usually asymptomatic. In 2011, an unprecedented outbreak of equine encephalitis occurred in southeastern Australia; most of the ≈900 reported cases were attributed to a newly emerged WNV_KUN strain. To investigate the origins of this virus, we performed genetic analysis and in vitro and in vivo studies of 13 WNV_KUN isolates collected from different regions of Australia during 1960-2012. Although no disease was recorded for 1984, 2000, or 2012, isolates collected during those years (from Victoria, Queensland, and New South Wales, respectively) exhibited levels of virulence in mice similar to that of the 2011 outbreak strain. Thus, virulent strains of WNV_KUN have circulated in Australia for ≥ 30 years, and the first extensive outbreak of equine disease in Australia probably resulted from a combination of specific ecologic and epidemiologic conditions.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1353-1362
Number of pages	10
Journal	Emerging Infectious Diseases
Volume	22
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2208.151719
State	Published - Aug 1 2016

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology
Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases

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Prow, N. A., Edmonds, J. H., Williams, D. T., Setoh, Y. X., Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H., Suen, W. W., Hobson-Peters, J., van den Hurk, A. F., Pyke, A. T., Hall-Mendelin, S., Northill, J. A., Johansen, C. A., Warrilow, D., Wang, J., Kirkland, P. D., Doggett, S., Andrade, C. C., Brault, A., Khromykh, A. A., & Hall, R. A. (2016). Virulence and evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960-2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(8), 1353-1362. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2208.151719

Virulence and evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960-2012. / Prow, Natalie A.; Edmonds, Judith H.; Williams, David T.; Setoh, Yin X.; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle; Suen, Willy W.; Hobson-Peters, Jody; van den Hurk, Andrew F.; Pyke, Alyssa T.; Hall-Mendelin, Sonja; Northill, Judith A.; Johansen, Cheryl A.; Warrilow, David; Wang, Jianning; Kirkland, Peter D.; Doggett, Stephen; Andrade, Christy C.; Brault, Aaron; Khromykh, Alexander A.; Hall, Roy A.

In: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 22, No. 8, 01.08.2016, p. 1353-1362.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Prow, NA, Edmonds, JH, Williams, DT, Setoh, YX, Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H, Suen, WW, Hobson-Peters, J, van den Hurk, AF, Pyke, AT, Hall-Mendelin, S, Northill, JA, Johansen, CA, Warrilow, D, Wang, J, Kirkland, PD, Doggett, S, Andrade, CC, Brault, A, Khromykh, AA & Hall, RA 2016, 'Virulence and evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960-2012', Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 1353-1362. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2208.151719

Prow, Natalie A. ; Edmonds, Judith H. ; Williams, David T. ; Setoh, Yin X. ; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle ; Suen, Willy W. ; Hobson-Peters, Jody ; van den Hurk, Andrew F. ; Pyke, Alyssa T. ; Hall-Mendelin, Sonja ; Northill, Judith A. ; Johansen, Cheryl A. ; Warrilow, David ; Wang, Jianning ; Kirkland, Peter D. ; Doggett, Stephen ; Andrade, Christy C. ; Brault, Aaron ; Khromykh, Alexander A. ; Hall, Roy A. / Virulence and evolution of West Nile Virus, Australia, 1960-2012. In: Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2016 ; Vol. 22, No. 8. pp. 1353-1362.

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