Vagus nerve stimulation in an adult male with fragile X syndrome

We present a case study of vagus nerve stimulation to treat epilepsy in an adult male with fragile X syndrome. This patient had seizures beginning at about two years of age. He did relatively well on anticonvulsant medications until reaching his thirties, when he experienced a resurgence of seizures, occurring about twice per week, and a decline in overall functioning. During one year of vagus nerve stimulation , he had a total of four to five seizures, his adaptive behavior and socialization improved, and he had reduced irritability and aggression. The possible benefits of vagus nerve stimulation in relation to what is known about brain morphology and function in fragile X is explored.