Abstract
Simple affordable interventions are needed to reduce vertical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in developing countries. The efficacy of 2 low doses (4 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or 1 high dose (30 mg/kg, subcutaneously) of the reverse-transcriptase inhibitor 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA; tenofovir) to protect newborn macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection was investigated. Thirteen newborn macaques were inoculated orally with virulent SIVmac251. The 4 placebo-treated animals (group A) became persistently infected. Groups B and C (n = 4 in each group) received 2 4-mg/kg doses of PMPA, either 4 h before and 20 h after (group B) or 1 and 25 h after SIV inoculation (group C). One animal (group D) received a single 30-mg/kg dose of PMPA 1 h after SIV inoculation. Despite evidence of an initial transient infection, 3 group B animals, 2 group C animals, and the group D animal were SIV negative and seronegative at ages 19-23 months. Immune activation with recall antigens or pharmacologic immunosuppression with corticosteroids failed to reactivate viral replication. These data suggest that 1 or 2 doses of PMPA may protect human newborns against intrapartum HIV infection.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 429-438 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Volume | 184 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Aug 15 2001 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Infectious Diseases
Cite this
Two low doses of tenofovir protect newborn macaques against oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection. / Van Rompay, Koen K.A.; McChesney, Michael B.; Aguirre, Nancy L.; Schmidt, Kimberli A.; Bischofberger, Norbert; Marthas, Marta.
In: Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 184, No. 4, 15.08.2001, p. 429-438.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Two low doses of tenofovir protect newborn macaques against oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection
AU - Van Rompay, Koen K.A.
AU - McChesney, Michael B.
AU - Aguirre, Nancy L.
AU - Schmidt, Kimberli A.
AU - Bischofberger, Norbert
AU - Marthas, Marta
PY - 2001/8/15
Y1 - 2001/8/15
N2 - Simple affordable interventions are needed to reduce vertical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in developing countries. The efficacy of 2 low doses (4 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or 1 high dose (30 mg/kg, subcutaneously) of the reverse-transcriptase inhibitor 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA; tenofovir) to protect newborn macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection was investigated. Thirteen newborn macaques were inoculated orally with virulent SIVmac251. The 4 placebo-treated animals (group A) became persistently infected. Groups B and C (n = 4 in each group) received 2 4-mg/kg doses of PMPA, either 4 h before and 20 h after (group B) or 1 and 25 h after SIV inoculation (group C). One animal (group D) received a single 30-mg/kg dose of PMPA 1 h after SIV inoculation. Despite evidence of an initial transient infection, 3 group B animals, 2 group C animals, and the group D animal were SIV negative and seronegative at ages 19-23 months. Immune activation with recall antigens or pharmacologic immunosuppression with corticosteroids failed to reactivate viral replication. These data suggest that 1 or 2 doses of PMPA may protect human newborns against intrapartum HIV infection.
AB - Simple affordable interventions are needed to reduce vertical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in developing countries. The efficacy of 2 low doses (4 mg/kg, subcutaneously) or 1 high dose (30 mg/kg, subcutaneously) of the reverse-transcriptase inhibitor 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA; tenofovir) to protect newborn macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection was investigated. Thirteen newborn macaques were inoculated orally with virulent SIVmac251. The 4 placebo-treated animals (group A) became persistently infected. Groups B and C (n = 4 in each group) received 2 4-mg/kg doses of PMPA, either 4 h before and 20 h after (group B) or 1 and 25 h after SIV inoculation (group C). One animal (group D) received a single 30-mg/kg dose of PMPA 1 h after SIV inoculation. Despite evidence of an initial transient infection, 3 group B animals, 2 group C animals, and the group D animal were SIV negative and seronegative at ages 19-23 months. Immune activation with recall antigens or pharmacologic immunosuppression with corticosteroids failed to reactivate viral replication. These data suggest that 1 or 2 doses of PMPA may protect human newborns against intrapartum HIV infection.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035882425&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0035882425&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1086/322781
DO - 10.1086/322781
M3 - Article
C2 - 11471100
AN - SCOPUS:0035882425
VL - 184
SP - 429
EP - 438
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
SN - 0022-1899
IS - 4
ER -