Abstract
Background: Periodontal disease results from the pathogenic interactions between the tissue, immune system, and microbiota; however, standard therapy fails to address the cellular mechanism underlying the chronic inflammation. Dendritic cells (DC) are key regulators of T cell fate, and biomaterials that recruit and program DC locally can direct T cell effector responses. We hypothesized that a biomaterial that recruited and programmed DC toward a tolerogenic phenotype could enrich regulatory T cells within periodontal tissue, with the eventual goal of attenuating T cell mediated pathology. Methods: The interaction of previously identified factors that could induce tolerance, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), with the periodontitis network was confirmed in silico. The effect of the cytokines on DC migration was explored in vitro using time-lapse imaging. Finally, regulatory T cell enrichment in the dermis and periodontal tissue in response to alginate hydrogels delivering TSLP and GM-CSF was examinedin vivo in mice using immunohistochemistry and live-animal imaging. Results: The GM-CSF and TSLP interactome connects to the periodontitis network. GM-CSF enhances DC migration in vitro. An intradermal injection of an alginate hydrogel releasing GM-CSF enhanced DC numbers and the addition of TSLP enriched FOXP3+ regulatory T cells locally. Injection of a hydrogel with GM-CSF and TSLP into the periodontal tissue in mice increased DC and FOXP3+ cell numbers in the tissue, FOXP3+ cells in the lymph node, and IL-10 in the tissue. Conclusion: Local biomaterial-mediated delivery of GM-CSF and TSLP can enrich DC and FOXP3+ cells and holds promise for treating the pathologic inflammation of periodontal disease.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1475-1485 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Journal of Periodontology |
Volume | 91 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2020 |
Keywords
- adult periodontitis
- biomaterials
- dendritic cell
- immunotherapy
- regulatory T cells
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Periodontics