TY - JOUR
T1 - Traffic-related air pollution is associated with glucose dysregulation, blood pressure, and oxidative stress in children
AU - Mann, Jennifer K.
AU - Lutzker, Liza
AU - Holm, Stephanie M.
AU - Margolis, Helene G.
AU - Neophytou, Andreas M.
AU - Eisen, Ellen A.
AU - Costello, Sadie
AU - Tyner, Tim
AU - Holland, Nina
AU - Tindula, Gwen
AU - Prunicki, Mary
AU - Nadeau, Kari
AU - Noth, Elizabeth M.
AU - Lurmann, Fred
AU - Hammond, S. Katharine
AU - Balmes, John R.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Children's Health and Air Pollution Study ( CHAPS ), an NIH / EPA -funded Children's Environmental Health Research Center ( EPA : RD83543501 , NIH : ES022849 ) and an additional grant ( NIH : F31ES0277510 ). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Gwen Tindula received a Student/New Investigator Travel Award of $750.00 to attend and present at the 2019 Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Society (EMGS) meeting in Washington DC from September 19–23.
Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Children's Health and Air Pollution Study (CHAPS), an NIH / EPA-funded Children's Environmental Health Research Center (EPA: RD83543501, NIH: ES022849) and an additional grant (NIH: F31ES0277510). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Gwen Tindula received a Student/New Investigator Travel Award of $750.00 to attend and present at the 2019 Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Society (EMGS) meeting in Washington DC from September 19?23.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - Background: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults. Antecedents likely begin in childhood and whether childhood exposure to air pollution plays a contributory role is not well understood. Objectives: To assess whether children's exposure to air pollution is associated with markers of risk for metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress, a hypothesized mediator of air pollution-related health effects. Methods: We studied 299 children (ages 6–8) living in the Fresno, CA area. At a study center visit, questionnaire and biomarker data were collected. Outcomes included hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), urinary 8-isoprostane, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and BMI. Individual-level exposure estimates for a set of four pollutants that are constituents of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) – the sum of 4-, 5-, and 6-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAH456), NO2, elemental carbon, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) – were modeled at the primary residential location for 1-day lag, and 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year averages prior to each participant's visit date. Generalized additive models were used to estimate associations between each air pollutant exposure and outcome. Results: The study population was 53% male, 80% Latinx, 11% Black and largely low-income (6% were White and 3% were Asian/Pacific Islander). HbA1c percentage was associated with longer-term increases in TRAP; for example a 4.42 ng/m3 increase in 6-month average PAH456 was associated with a 0.07% increase (95% CI: 0.01, 0.14) and a 3.62 μg/m3 increase in 6-month average PM2.5 was associated with a 0.06% increase (95% CI: 0.01, 0.10). The influence of air pollutants on blood pressure was strongest at 3 months; for example, a 6.2 ppb increase in 3-month average NO2 was associated with a 9.4 mmHg increase in SBP (95% CI: 2.8, 15.9). TRAP concentrations were not significantly associated with anthropometric or adipokine measures. Short-term TRAP exposure averages were significantly associated with creatinine-adjusted urinary 8-isoprostane. Discussion: Our results suggest that both short- and longer-term estimated individual-level outdoor residential exposures to several traffic-related air pollutants, including ambient PAHs, are associated with biomarkers of risk for metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in children.
AB - Background: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults. Antecedents likely begin in childhood and whether childhood exposure to air pollution plays a contributory role is not well understood. Objectives: To assess whether children's exposure to air pollution is associated with markers of risk for metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress, a hypothesized mediator of air pollution-related health effects. Methods: We studied 299 children (ages 6–8) living in the Fresno, CA area. At a study center visit, questionnaire and biomarker data were collected. Outcomes included hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), urinary 8-isoprostane, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and BMI. Individual-level exposure estimates for a set of four pollutants that are constituents of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) – the sum of 4-, 5-, and 6-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAH456), NO2, elemental carbon, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) – were modeled at the primary residential location for 1-day lag, and 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year averages prior to each participant's visit date. Generalized additive models were used to estimate associations between each air pollutant exposure and outcome. Results: The study population was 53% male, 80% Latinx, 11% Black and largely low-income (6% were White and 3% were Asian/Pacific Islander). HbA1c percentage was associated with longer-term increases in TRAP; for example a 4.42 ng/m3 increase in 6-month average PAH456 was associated with a 0.07% increase (95% CI: 0.01, 0.14) and a 3.62 μg/m3 increase in 6-month average PM2.5 was associated with a 0.06% increase (95% CI: 0.01, 0.10). The influence of air pollutants on blood pressure was strongest at 3 months; for example, a 6.2 ppb increase in 3-month average NO2 was associated with a 9.4 mmHg increase in SBP (95% CI: 2.8, 15.9). TRAP concentrations were not significantly associated with anthropometric or adipokine measures. Short-term TRAP exposure averages were significantly associated with creatinine-adjusted urinary 8-isoprostane. Discussion: Our results suggest that both short- and longer-term estimated individual-level outdoor residential exposures to several traffic-related air pollutants, including ambient PAHs, are associated with biomarkers of risk for metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in children.
KW - Children
KW - HbA1c
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW - Traffic-related air pollution
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110870
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110870
M3 - Article
C2 - 33587949
AN - SCOPUS:85101415614
VL - 195
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
SN - 0013-9351
M1 - 110870
ER -