Abstract
There is substantial overlap in retinol and alcohol metabolism. Mice that lack retinoic acid (RA) receptor retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) expression in the liver are more susceptible to alcoholic liver disease. To investigate the interaction between RXRα and alcoholic liver disease, ethanol metabolism was studied in hepatocyte RXRα-deficient [RXRα knockout (KO)] mice. Hepatocyte RXRα deficiency resulted in a significant increase in hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, ADH1 protein, but not Adh1 mRNA. Polysomal distribution analysis indicated that more polysome-associated Adh1 mRNA was present in the mutant mouse livers, suggesting increased ADH1 protein synthesis in RXRα KO mice compared with wild-type mice. However, ADH2 and ADH3 enzyme activities were not affected by RXRα deficiency. Although ethanol clearance was increased, acetaldehyde elimination was reduced when RXRα was not expressed in the liver. Both mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 and cytosolic ALDH activities were reduced in the mutant mice compared with the wild type. Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 were decreased in the mutant mice. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction indicated that liver Aldh1a1 mRNA level was also reduced due to the lack of RXRα expression. Thus, RXRα differentially affects ADH and ALDH activity, leading to an increase in alcohol clearance, but a reduction in acetaldehyde elimination. In addition, CYP2E1 as well as mitochondrial and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were significantly lower in RXRα KO mice than in wild-type mice. Our results reveal the central role of RXRα in ethanol metabolism.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 360-368 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |
| Volume | 319 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2006 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmacology
Cite this
The role of retinoid X receptor α in regulating alcohol metabolism. / Gyamfi, Maxwell Afari; Kocsis, Michael George; He, Lin; Dai, Guoli; Mendy, Alphonse John; Wan, Yu-Jui Yvonne.
In: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Vol. 319, No. 1, 2006, p. 360-368.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of retinoid X receptor α in regulating alcohol metabolism
AU - Gyamfi, Maxwell Afari
AU - Kocsis, Michael George
AU - He, Lin
AU - Dai, Guoli
AU - Mendy, Alphonse John
AU - Wan, Yu-Jui Yvonne
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - There is substantial overlap in retinol and alcohol metabolism. Mice that lack retinoic acid (RA) receptor retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) expression in the liver are more susceptible to alcoholic liver disease. To investigate the interaction between RXRα and alcoholic liver disease, ethanol metabolism was studied in hepatocyte RXRα-deficient [RXRα knockout (KO)] mice. Hepatocyte RXRα deficiency resulted in a significant increase in hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, ADH1 protein, but not Adh1 mRNA. Polysomal distribution analysis indicated that more polysome-associated Adh1 mRNA was present in the mutant mouse livers, suggesting increased ADH1 protein synthesis in RXRα KO mice compared with wild-type mice. However, ADH2 and ADH3 enzyme activities were not affected by RXRα deficiency. Although ethanol clearance was increased, acetaldehyde elimination was reduced when RXRα was not expressed in the liver. Both mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 and cytosolic ALDH activities were reduced in the mutant mice compared with the wild type. Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 were decreased in the mutant mice. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction indicated that liver Aldh1a1 mRNA level was also reduced due to the lack of RXRα expression. Thus, RXRα differentially affects ADH and ALDH activity, leading to an increase in alcohol clearance, but a reduction in acetaldehyde elimination. In addition, CYP2E1 as well as mitochondrial and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were significantly lower in RXRα KO mice than in wild-type mice. Our results reveal the central role of RXRα in ethanol metabolism.
AB - There is substantial overlap in retinol and alcohol metabolism. Mice that lack retinoic acid (RA) receptor retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) expression in the liver are more susceptible to alcoholic liver disease. To investigate the interaction between RXRα and alcoholic liver disease, ethanol metabolism was studied in hepatocyte RXRα-deficient [RXRα knockout (KO)] mice. Hepatocyte RXRα deficiency resulted in a significant increase in hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, ADH1 protein, but not Adh1 mRNA. Polysomal distribution analysis indicated that more polysome-associated Adh1 mRNA was present in the mutant mouse livers, suggesting increased ADH1 protein synthesis in RXRα KO mice compared with wild-type mice. However, ADH2 and ADH3 enzyme activities were not affected by RXRα deficiency. Although ethanol clearance was increased, acetaldehyde elimination was reduced when RXRα was not expressed in the liver. Both mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 and cytosolic ALDH activities were reduced in the mutant mice compared with the wild type. Western blot analysis revealed that the levels of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A2 were decreased in the mutant mice. Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction indicated that liver Aldh1a1 mRNA level was also reduced due to the lack of RXRα expression. Thus, RXRα differentially affects ADH and ALDH activity, leading to an increase in alcohol clearance, but a reduction in acetaldehyde elimination. In addition, CYP2E1 as well as mitochondrial and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activities were significantly lower in RXRα KO mice than in wild-type mice. Our results reveal the central role of RXRα in ethanol metabolism.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33749014695&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33749014695&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1124/jpet.106.108175
DO - 10.1124/jpet.106.108175
M3 - Article
C2 - 16829625
AN - SCOPUS:33749014695
VL - 319
SP - 360
EP - 368
JO - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
JF - Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
SN - 0022-3565
IS - 1
ER -