Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is an important cause of disease in humans and animals. Risk of WNV infection varies seasonally, with the greatest risk during the warmest parts of the year due in part to the accelerated extrinsic incubation rate of the virus in mosquitoes. Rates of extrinsic incubation have been shown in constanttemperature studies to increase as an approximately linear function of temperature, but for other vector-borne pathogens, such as malaria or dengue virus, nonlinear relationships have been demonstrated under cycling temperatures near the thermal limits of pathogen replication. Using typical daily air temperature profiles from three key periods of WNV amplification in a hyperendemic area of WNV activity in California's Central Valley, as well as a fourth temperature profile based on exposures that would result from daily mosquito host-seeking and resting behavior, we explored the impacts of cycling temperatures on WNV transmission by Culex tarsalis Coquillett, one of the principal vectors in the western United States. The daily cycling temperature ranges studied were representative of those that occur across much of California, but they did not significantly alter the extrinsic incubation period of WNV compared with estimates from mean temperatures alone. This suggests that within the relatively broad range we studied, WNV incubation rates are a simple function of mean temperature. Realistic daily temperature patterns that reflected mosquitoes' avoidance of daytime high temperatures during summer reduced transmission over time compared with air temperatures, indicating that adjustment for mosquito exposure temperatures would be prudent for calculating risk.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 681-686 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Journal of Medical Entomology |
| Volume | 53 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2016 |
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Keywords
- Culex tarsalis
- Extrinsic incubation period
- Mosquito-borne disease
- Vector competence
- West Nile virus
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Parasitology
- veterinary(all)
- Insect Science
- Infectious Diseases
Cite this
The impact of cycling temperature on the transmission of West Nile virus. / Danforth, Mary E.; Reisen, William; Barker, Chris.
In: Journal of Medical Entomology, Vol. 53, No. 3, 01.01.2016, p. 681-686.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of cycling temperature on the transmission of West Nile virus
AU - Danforth, Mary E.
AU - Reisen, William
AU - Barker, Chris
PY - 2016/1/1
Y1 - 2016/1/1
N2 - West Nile virus (WNV) is an important cause of disease in humans and animals. Risk of WNV infection varies seasonally, with the greatest risk during the warmest parts of the year due in part to the accelerated extrinsic incubation rate of the virus in mosquitoes. Rates of extrinsic incubation have been shown in constanttemperature studies to increase as an approximately linear function of temperature, but for other vector-borne pathogens, such as malaria or dengue virus, nonlinear relationships have been demonstrated under cycling temperatures near the thermal limits of pathogen replication. Using typical daily air temperature profiles from three key periods of WNV amplification in a hyperendemic area of WNV activity in California's Central Valley, as well as a fourth temperature profile based on exposures that would result from daily mosquito host-seeking and resting behavior, we explored the impacts of cycling temperatures on WNV transmission by Culex tarsalis Coquillett, one of the principal vectors in the western United States. The daily cycling temperature ranges studied were representative of those that occur across much of California, but they did not significantly alter the extrinsic incubation period of WNV compared with estimates from mean temperatures alone. This suggests that within the relatively broad range we studied, WNV incubation rates are a simple function of mean temperature. Realistic daily temperature patterns that reflected mosquitoes' avoidance of daytime high temperatures during summer reduced transmission over time compared with air temperatures, indicating that adjustment for mosquito exposure temperatures would be prudent for calculating risk.
AB - West Nile virus (WNV) is an important cause of disease in humans and animals. Risk of WNV infection varies seasonally, with the greatest risk during the warmest parts of the year due in part to the accelerated extrinsic incubation rate of the virus in mosquitoes. Rates of extrinsic incubation have been shown in constanttemperature studies to increase as an approximately linear function of temperature, but for other vector-borne pathogens, such as malaria or dengue virus, nonlinear relationships have been demonstrated under cycling temperatures near the thermal limits of pathogen replication. Using typical daily air temperature profiles from three key periods of WNV amplification in a hyperendemic area of WNV activity in California's Central Valley, as well as a fourth temperature profile based on exposures that would result from daily mosquito host-seeking and resting behavior, we explored the impacts of cycling temperatures on WNV transmission by Culex tarsalis Coquillett, one of the principal vectors in the western United States. The daily cycling temperature ranges studied were representative of those that occur across much of California, but they did not significantly alter the extrinsic incubation period of WNV compared with estimates from mean temperatures alone. This suggests that within the relatively broad range we studied, WNV incubation rates are a simple function of mean temperature. Realistic daily temperature patterns that reflected mosquitoes' avoidance of daytime high temperatures during summer reduced transmission over time compared with air temperatures, indicating that adjustment for mosquito exposure temperatures would be prudent for calculating risk.
KW - Culex tarsalis
KW - Extrinsic incubation period
KW - Mosquito-borne disease
KW - Vector competence
KW - West Nile virus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85007367254&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85007367254&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/jme/tjw013
DO - 10.1093/jme/tjw013
M3 - Article
C2 - 27026160
AN - SCOPUS:85007367254
VL - 53
SP - 681
EP - 686
JO - Journal of Medical Entomology
JF - Journal of Medical Entomology
SN - 0022-2585
IS - 3
ER -