Abstract
Purpose. The validity of retinoscopy in small eyes has not been clearly established due to uncertainty regarding the source of the ocular reflections assessed during this procedure. A widely cited model which proposes that their origin is the inner limiting membrane of the retina was evaluated in the rat by comparing refractive errors measured by retinoscopy to those measured by visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Methods. Ten rats were refracted both by cycloplegic streak retinoscopy and by VEP while viewing 0 05 to 0.15 cpd square-wave gratings reversed at 1.875 Hz. Spherical aberration of the rat eye was assessed as a potentially confounding variable in VEP refraction by sequential retinoscopic refractions across the rat's natural pupil through a 1.5-mm pinhole. Results. All animals were moderately to highly hyperopic by both methods (range = +4.5 to +18.5 D). Spherical aberration was minimal (median = 3.5 D of overcorrected aberration). The median difference between retinoscopic refractions and those by VEP was not significant (+1.94 D more hyperopia by retinoscopy; p = 0.062, Wilcoxon signed rank) but was significantly less than the +9.64 D difference predicted by an inner limiting membrane model (upper 95% limit = +3.76 D). Conclusion. This suggests that the origin of the retinoscopic reflex is located in the outer retina rather than at the inner limiting membrane. Correction factors for retinoscopy in small eyes may be smaller than previously assumed.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 483-488 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Optometry and Vision Science |
| Volume | 74 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 1997 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Artifact
- Optics
- Rat
- Retinoscopy
- Waveguide
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ophthalmology
Cite this
The artifact of retinoscopy revisited : Comparison of refractive error measured by retinoscopy and visual evoked potential in the rat. / Mutti, Donald O.; Ver Hoeve, James N.; Zadnik, Karla; Murphy, Christopher J.
In: Optometry and Vision Science, Vol. 74, No. 7, 07.1997, p. 483-488.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - The artifact of retinoscopy revisited
T2 - Comparison of refractive error measured by retinoscopy and visual evoked potential in the rat
AU - Mutti, Donald O.
AU - Ver Hoeve, James N.
AU - Zadnik, Karla
AU - Murphy, Christopher J
PY - 1997/7
Y1 - 1997/7
N2 - Purpose. The validity of retinoscopy in small eyes has not been clearly established due to uncertainty regarding the source of the ocular reflections assessed during this procedure. A widely cited model which proposes that their origin is the inner limiting membrane of the retina was evaluated in the rat by comparing refractive errors measured by retinoscopy to those measured by visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Methods. Ten rats were refracted both by cycloplegic streak retinoscopy and by VEP while viewing 0 05 to 0.15 cpd square-wave gratings reversed at 1.875 Hz. Spherical aberration of the rat eye was assessed as a potentially confounding variable in VEP refraction by sequential retinoscopic refractions across the rat's natural pupil through a 1.5-mm pinhole. Results. All animals were moderately to highly hyperopic by both methods (range = +4.5 to +18.5 D). Spherical aberration was minimal (median = 3.5 D of overcorrected aberration). The median difference between retinoscopic refractions and those by VEP was not significant (+1.94 D more hyperopia by retinoscopy; p = 0.062, Wilcoxon signed rank) but was significantly less than the +9.64 D difference predicted by an inner limiting membrane model (upper 95% limit = +3.76 D). Conclusion. This suggests that the origin of the retinoscopic reflex is located in the outer retina rather than at the inner limiting membrane. Correction factors for retinoscopy in small eyes may be smaller than previously assumed.
AB - Purpose. The validity of retinoscopy in small eyes has not been clearly established due to uncertainty regarding the source of the ocular reflections assessed during this procedure. A widely cited model which proposes that their origin is the inner limiting membrane of the retina was evaluated in the rat by comparing refractive errors measured by retinoscopy to those measured by visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Methods. Ten rats were refracted both by cycloplegic streak retinoscopy and by VEP while viewing 0 05 to 0.15 cpd square-wave gratings reversed at 1.875 Hz. Spherical aberration of the rat eye was assessed as a potentially confounding variable in VEP refraction by sequential retinoscopic refractions across the rat's natural pupil through a 1.5-mm pinhole. Results. All animals were moderately to highly hyperopic by both methods (range = +4.5 to +18.5 D). Spherical aberration was minimal (median = 3.5 D of overcorrected aberration). The median difference between retinoscopic refractions and those by VEP was not significant (+1.94 D more hyperopia by retinoscopy; p = 0.062, Wilcoxon signed rank) but was significantly less than the +9.64 D difference predicted by an inner limiting membrane model (upper 95% limit = +3.76 D). Conclusion. This suggests that the origin of the retinoscopic reflex is located in the outer retina rather than at the inner limiting membrane. Correction factors for retinoscopy in small eyes may be smaller than previously assumed.
KW - Artifact
KW - Optics
KW - Rat
KW - Retinoscopy
KW - Waveguide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031194935&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0031194935&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/00006324-199707000-00014
DO - 10.1097/00006324-199707000-00014
M3 - Article
C2 - 9293514
AN - SCOPUS:0031194935
VL - 74
SP - 483
EP - 488
JO - Optometry and Vision Science
JF - Optometry and Vision Science
SN - 1040-5488
IS - 7
ER -