TY - JOUR
T1 - Teneurin-2 is expressed in tissues that regulate limb and somite pattern formation and is induced in vitro and in situ by FGF8
AU - Tucker, Richard P
AU - Chiquet-Ehrismann, Ruth
AU - Chevron, Marie Pierre
AU - Martin, Doris
AU - Hall, Ronelle J.
AU - Rubin, Beatrix P.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Teneurin-2 is a member of a novel family of transmembrane proteins characterized to date in fish, birds, mammals, and Drosophila (e.g., the pair-rule gene product Ten-m). We have shown that teneurin-2 is expressed by neurons in the developing avian visual system in a pattern complementary to the expression of teneurin-1 and that recombinant teneurin-2 induces morphologic changes in neuronal cells in culture (Rubin et al., 1999). Here we have used cRNA probes to two newly identified splice variants and a teneurin-2-specific antibody to determine whether teneurin-2 is also expressed outside the nervous system. Both reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization indicate that the three splice variants known so far are coexpressed at sites of pattern formation during development. Teneurin-2 mRNAs and protein are found in the developing limbs, somites, and craniofacial mesenchyme. In addition to expression of teneurin-2 by the apical ectodermal ridge, teneurin-2 transcripts also appear transiently at sites of tendon development. Teneurin-2 expression patterns were strikingly similar to those of fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8). In agreement with the overlapping expression pattern, FGF8-coated beads implanted into chicken limb buds induced the ectopic expression of teneurin-2 and soluble FGF8 induced teneurin-2 in limb explant cultures. Thus, teneurin-2 could act downstream of FGF8 during morphogenesis.
AB - Teneurin-2 is a member of a novel family of transmembrane proteins characterized to date in fish, birds, mammals, and Drosophila (e.g., the pair-rule gene product Ten-m). We have shown that teneurin-2 is expressed by neurons in the developing avian visual system in a pattern complementary to the expression of teneurin-1 and that recombinant teneurin-2 induces morphologic changes in neuronal cells in culture (Rubin et al., 1999). Here we have used cRNA probes to two newly identified splice variants and a teneurin-2-specific antibody to determine whether teneurin-2 is also expressed outside the nervous system. Both reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization indicate that the three splice variants known so far are coexpressed at sites of pattern formation during development. Teneurin-2 mRNAs and protein are found in the developing limbs, somites, and craniofacial mesenchyme. In addition to expression of teneurin-2 by the apical ectodermal ridge, teneurin-2 transcripts also appear transiently at sites of tendon development. Teneurin-2 expression patterns were strikingly similar to those of fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8). In agreement with the overlapping expression pattern, FGF8-coated beads implanted into chicken limb buds induced the ectopic expression of teneurin-2 and soluble FGF8 induced teneurin-2 in limb explant cultures. Thus, teneurin-2 could act downstream of FGF8 during morphogenesis.
KW - Apical ectodermal ridge (AER)
KW - DOC4
KW - Dorsomedial lip
KW - FGF8
KW - Limb development
KW - Neurestin
KW - Odz
KW - Somite morphogenesis
KW - Ten-a
KW - Ten-m
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U2 - 10.1002/1097-0177(2000)9999:9999<::AID-DVDY1084>3.0.CO;2-B
DO - 10.1002/1097-0177(2000)9999:9999<::AID-DVDY1084>3.0.CO;2-B
M3 - Article
C2 - 11146505
AN - SCOPUS:0035160092
VL - 220
SP - 27
EP - 39
JO - American Journal of Anatomy
JF - American Journal of Anatomy
SN - 1058-8388
IS - 1
ER -