TY - JOUR
T1 - Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus septicemia in alpacas
T2 - three cases and review of the literature
AU - Corpa, Juan M.
AU - Carvallo chaigneau, Francisco R
AU - Anderson, Mark L
AU - Nyaoke, Carol A
AU - Moore, Janet D.
AU - Uzal, Francisco A
PY - 2018/4/1
Y1 - 2018/4/1
N2 - Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus septicemia of alpacas and llamas, also called alpaca fever, is characterized clinically by fever, depression, recumbency, and death, and pathologically by polyserositis. Although a few natural and experimental cases of the disease have been reported, very little information about the pathology of spontaneous cases has been published. We present a detailed gross and microscopic description of 3 spontaneous cases of alpaca fever and review the literature on this condition. Typical of spontaneous and experimental infections with S. equi ssp. zooepidemicus, the 3 animals had disseminated fibrinosuppurative polyserositis with vascular thrombosis and intralesional gram-positive cocci. In addition, 2 of the animals had severe fibrinosuppurative pneumonia, endocarditis, and myocardial necrosis; the third animal had transmural pleocellular enteritis with prominent lymphangitis. The enteric lymphangitis observed in the latter suggests that dissemination of S. equi ssp. zooepidemicus occurred through lymphatic circulation and that, at least in this animal, the portal of entry of infection was the alimentary system.
AB - Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus septicemia of alpacas and llamas, also called alpaca fever, is characterized clinically by fever, depression, recumbency, and death, and pathologically by polyserositis. Although a few natural and experimental cases of the disease have been reported, very little information about the pathology of spontaneous cases has been published. We present a detailed gross and microscopic description of 3 spontaneous cases of alpaca fever and review the literature on this condition. Typical of spontaneous and experimental infections with S. equi ssp. zooepidemicus, the 3 animals had disseminated fibrinosuppurative polyserositis with vascular thrombosis and intralesional gram-positive cocci. In addition, 2 of the animals had severe fibrinosuppurative pneumonia, endocarditis, and myocardial necrosis; the third animal had transmural pleocellular enteritis with prominent lymphangitis. The enteric lymphangitis observed in the latter suggests that dissemination of S. equi ssp. zooepidemicus occurred through lymphatic circulation and that, at least in this animal, the portal of entry of infection was the alimentary system.
KW - Alpaca fever
KW - alpacas
KW - lymphangitis
KW - polyserositis
KW - septicemia
KW - Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85046767164&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1177/1040638718772071
DO - 10.1177/1040638718772071
M3 - Article
C2 - 29717639
AN - SCOPUS:85046767164
JO - Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
JF - Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
SN - 1040-6387
ER -