Abstract
This is a review of salient studies of sterilization, toxicity, biocompatibility, clinical applications and current work in the field of orthopaedics, using implants made of polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and their copolymers. The intrinsic nature of these biomaterials renders them suitable for applications where temporally slow releases of bioactive agents in situ may be required. They are also desirable as fixation devices of bone, because they can virtually eliminate osteopenia associated with stress shielding or additional surgery. The majority of currently available sterilization techniques are not suitable for these thermoplastic materials and it may be desirable to develop new sterilization standards, which can account for the special character of PLA-PGA materials. Biocompatibility and toxicity studies suggest that, overall, PLA-PGA biomaterials may be suitable for orthopaedic applications, although certain problems, especially pertaining to reduction in cell proliferation, have been reported. Clinical applications are also promising, albeit not without problems usually associated with transient tissue inflammation. The future of these materials appears bright, especially in soft tissues. They may be used to address the exceedingly complex problem of osteochondral repair, but also as a means to enhance fixation and repair processes in tendons and ligaments.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 93-102 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Biomaterials |
| Volume | 17 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1996 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Polyglycolic acid
- Polylactic acid
- Toxicity
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biotechnology
- Bioengineering
- Biomedical Engineering
Cite this
Sterilization, toxicity, biocompatibility and clinical applications of polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymers. / Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.; Niederauer, Gabriele G.; Agrawal, C. Mauli.
In: Biomaterials, Vol. 17, No. 2, 01.1996, p. 93-102.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Sterilization, toxicity, biocompatibility and clinical applications of polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymers
AU - Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.
AU - Niederauer, Gabriele G.
AU - Agrawal, C. Mauli
PY - 1996/1
Y1 - 1996/1
N2 - This is a review of salient studies of sterilization, toxicity, biocompatibility, clinical applications and current work in the field of orthopaedics, using implants made of polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and their copolymers. The intrinsic nature of these biomaterials renders them suitable for applications where temporally slow releases of bioactive agents in situ may be required. They are also desirable as fixation devices of bone, because they can virtually eliminate osteopenia associated with stress shielding or additional surgery. The majority of currently available sterilization techniques are not suitable for these thermoplastic materials and it may be desirable to develop new sterilization standards, which can account for the special character of PLA-PGA materials. Biocompatibility and toxicity studies suggest that, overall, PLA-PGA biomaterials may be suitable for orthopaedic applications, although certain problems, especially pertaining to reduction in cell proliferation, have been reported. Clinical applications are also promising, albeit not without problems usually associated with transient tissue inflammation. The future of these materials appears bright, especially in soft tissues. They may be used to address the exceedingly complex problem of osteochondral repair, but also as a means to enhance fixation and repair processes in tendons and ligaments.
AB - This is a review of salient studies of sterilization, toxicity, biocompatibility, clinical applications and current work in the field of orthopaedics, using implants made of polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and their copolymers. The intrinsic nature of these biomaterials renders them suitable for applications where temporally slow releases of bioactive agents in situ may be required. They are also desirable as fixation devices of bone, because they can virtually eliminate osteopenia associated with stress shielding or additional surgery. The majority of currently available sterilization techniques are not suitable for these thermoplastic materials and it may be desirable to develop new sterilization standards, which can account for the special character of PLA-PGA materials. Biocompatibility and toxicity studies suggest that, overall, PLA-PGA biomaterials may be suitable for orthopaedic applications, although certain problems, especially pertaining to reduction in cell proliferation, have been reported. Clinical applications are also promising, albeit not without problems usually associated with transient tissue inflammation. The future of these materials appears bright, especially in soft tissues. They may be used to address the exceedingly complex problem of osteochondral repair, but also as a means to enhance fixation and repair processes in tendons and ligaments.
KW - Polyglycolic acid
KW - Polylactic acid
KW - Toxicity
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0030061447&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0142-9612(96)85754-1
DO - 10.1016/0142-9612(96)85754-1
M3 - Article
VL - 17
SP - 93
EP - 102
JO - Biomaterials
JF - Biomaterials
SN - 0142-9612
IS - 2
ER -