Abstract
Objective: To summarize the signalment, clinical signs observed, time to onset of clinical signs, duration of clinical signs, and the outcome in a large case series of nonbenzodiazepine sleep aid ingestions in dogs, including 2 sleep aids that have not been previously described in the veterinary literature. Design: Retrospective study conducted between 2004 and 2010. Setting: An animal poison control center based out of Bloomington, MN. Animals: During this time frame, 453 cases were identified involving 467 dogs. Of these cases, 150 cases were excluded due to incomplete medical records, multipet households, or the inability to calculate a dose exposure. A total of 317 dogs with presumed sleep aid medication toxicosis were included. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Records of dogs with sleep aid medication toxicosis identified by a review of an animal poison control center electronic database were evaluated. The most common sleep aid medications ingested were zolpidem (240/317 [75.7%]), eszopiclone (62/317 [19.5%]), and zaleplon (15/317 [4.7%]). Overall, clinical signs developed in 36% of patients (115/317), while 64% (202/317) remained asymptomatic. The most common organ systems affected and clinical signs seen involved the central nervous system (eg, agitation, sedation) and gastrointestinal tract (eg, anorexia, hypersalivation, vomiting). Conclusions: Overall, the prognosis for dogs with sleep aid medication toxicosis was excellent, and no fatalities were reported in this clinical population. As significant clinical signs can still be seen with ingestion, appropriate decontamination is warranted in asymptomatic patients via emesis or gastric lavage, followed by activated charcoal administration. Symptomatic patients should be hospitalized for monitoring and supportive care for a minimum of 12 hours or until clinical signs resolve.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 658-665 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 1 2011 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Benzodiazepine
- Insomnia medication
- Intoxication
- Sedatives
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)
Cite this
Sleep aid toxicosis in dogs : 317 cases (2004-2010). / Lancaster, Adam R.; Lee, Justine A.; Hovda, Lynn R.; Hardy, Brian; Miyahara, Lee X.; Martin, Elizabeth P.; Whelan, Megan F.
In: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, Vol. 21, No. 6, 01.12.2011, p. 658-665.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Sleep aid toxicosis in dogs
T2 - 317 cases (2004-2010)
AU - Lancaster, Adam R.
AU - Lee, Justine A.
AU - Hovda, Lynn R.
AU - Hardy, Brian
AU - Miyahara, Lee X.
AU - Martin, Elizabeth P.
AU - Whelan, Megan F.
PY - 2011/12/1
Y1 - 2011/12/1
N2 - Objective: To summarize the signalment, clinical signs observed, time to onset of clinical signs, duration of clinical signs, and the outcome in a large case series of nonbenzodiazepine sleep aid ingestions in dogs, including 2 sleep aids that have not been previously described in the veterinary literature. Design: Retrospective study conducted between 2004 and 2010. Setting: An animal poison control center based out of Bloomington, MN. Animals: During this time frame, 453 cases were identified involving 467 dogs. Of these cases, 150 cases were excluded due to incomplete medical records, multipet households, or the inability to calculate a dose exposure. A total of 317 dogs with presumed sleep aid medication toxicosis were included. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Records of dogs with sleep aid medication toxicosis identified by a review of an animal poison control center electronic database were evaluated. The most common sleep aid medications ingested were zolpidem (240/317 [75.7%]), eszopiclone (62/317 [19.5%]), and zaleplon (15/317 [4.7%]). Overall, clinical signs developed in 36% of patients (115/317), while 64% (202/317) remained asymptomatic. The most common organ systems affected and clinical signs seen involved the central nervous system (eg, agitation, sedation) and gastrointestinal tract (eg, anorexia, hypersalivation, vomiting). Conclusions: Overall, the prognosis for dogs with sleep aid medication toxicosis was excellent, and no fatalities were reported in this clinical population. As significant clinical signs can still be seen with ingestion, appropriate decontamination is warranted in asymptomatic patients via emesis or gastric lavage, followed by activated charcoal administration. Symptomatic patients should be hospitalized for monitoring and supportive care for a minimum of 12 hours or until clinical signs resolve.
AB - Objective: To summarize the signalment, clinical signs observed, time to onset of clinical signs, duration of clinical signs, and the outcome in a large case series of nonbenzodiazepine sleep aid ingestions in dogs, including 2 sleep aids that have not been previously described in the veterinary literature. Design: Retrospective study conducted between 2004 and 2010. Setting: An animal poison control center based out of Bloomington, MN. Animals: During this time frame, 453 cases were identified involving 467 dogs. Of these cases, 150 cases were excluded due to incomplete medical records, multipet households, or the inability to calculate a dose exposure. A total of 317 dogs with presumed sleep aid medication toxicosis were included. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Records of dogs with sleep aid medication toxicosis identified by a review of an animal poison control center electronic database were evaluated. The most common sleep aid medications ingested were zolpidem (240/317 [75.7%]), eszopiclone (62/317 [19.5%]), and zaleplon (15/317 [4.7%]). Overall, clinical signs developed in 36% of patients (115/317), while 64% (202/317) remained asymptomatic. The most common organ systems affected and clinical signs seen involved the central nervous system (eg, agitation, sedation) and gastrointestinal tract (eg, anorexia, hypersalivation, vomiting). Conclusions: Overall, the prognosis for dogs with sleep aid medication toxicosis was excellent, and no fatalities were reported in this clinical population. As significant clinical signs can still be seen with ingestion, appropriate decontamination is warranted in asymptomatic patients via emesis or gastric lavage, followed by activated charcoal administration. Symptomatic patients should be hospitalized for monitoring and supportive care for a minimum of 12 hours or until clinical signs resolve.
KW - Benzodiazepine
KW - Insomnia medication
KW - Intoxication
KW - Sedatives
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84861420037&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84861420037&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2011.00694.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2011.00694.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 22316259
AN - SCOPUS:84861420037
VL - 21
SP - 658
EP - 665
JO - Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
JF - Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
SN - 1479-3261
IS - 6
ER -