Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers?

Roberto De Vogli, Michael Marmot

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

There is strong evidence that cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its traditional risk factors are associated with socioeconomic conditions. However, the latter's etiological role in the development of cardiovascular outcomes is not always well understood, and it is unclear whether they should be considered as traditional risk factors for CVD, as confounders, or as risk modifiers. After examining whether socioeconomic conditions meet the criteria for the three definitions, we argue that none of them fully captures the complexity of their contribution in shaping the epidemic of CVD across and within societies. We argue instead that socioeconomic factors are the "causes of the causes" of CVD. Implications for research and interventions to reduce CVD are discussed.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)103-126
Number of pages24
JournalDialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume13
Issue number2
StatePublished - 2008
Externally publishedYes

Fingerprint

Cardiovascular Diseases
Research

Keywords

  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Social gradient
  • Socioeconomic condition
  • Socioeconomic factor

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Cite this

Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers? / De Vogli, Roberto; Marmot, Michael.

In: Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2008, p. 103-126.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

De Vogli, R & Marmot, M 2008, 'Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers?', Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 103-126.
De Vogli R, Marmot M. Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers? Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2008;13(2):103-126.
De Vogli, Roberto ; Marmot, Michael. / Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers?. In: Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2008 ; Vol. 13, No. 2. pp. 103-126.
@article{525a0cac48914dcd9a203dc0ed5e2dbb,
title = "Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers?",
abstract = "There is strong evidence that cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its traditional risk factors are associated with socioeconomic conditions. However, the latter's etiological role in the development of cardiovascular outcomes is not always well understood, and it is unclear whether they should be considered as traditional risk factors for CVD, as confounders, or as risk modifiers. After examining whether socioeconomic conditions meet the criteria for the three definitions, we argue that none of them fully captures the complexity of their contribution in shaping the epidemic of CVD across and within societies. We argue instead that socioeconomic factors are the {"}causes of the causes{"} of CVD. Implications for research and interventions to reduce CVD are discussed.",
keywords = "Cardiovascular disease, Coronary heart disease, Social gradient, Socioeconomic condition, Socioeconomic factor",
author = "{De Vogli}, Roberto and Michael Marmot",
year = "2008",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "13",
pages = "103--126",
journal = "Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine",
issn = "1272-9949",
publisher = "Servier International",
number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Should socioeconomic factors be considered as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as confounders, or as risk modifiers?

AU - De Vogli, Roberto

AU - Marmot, Michael

PY - 2008

Y1 - 2008

N2 - There is strong evidence that cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its traditional risk factors are associated with socioeconomic conditions. However, the latter's etiological role in the development of cardiovascular outcomes is not always well understood, and it is unclear whether they should be considered as traditional risk factors for CVD, as confounders, or as risk modifiers. After examining whether socioeconomic conditions meet the criteria for the three definitions, we argue that none of them fully captures the complexity of their contribution in shaping the epidemic of CVD across and within societies. We argue instead that socioeconomic factors are the "causes of the causes" of CVD. Implications for research and interventions to reduce CVD are discussed.

AB - There is strong evidence that cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its traditional risk factors are associated with socioeconomic conditions. However, the latter's etiological role in the development of cardiovascular outcomes is not always well understood, and it is unclear whether they should be considered as traditional risk factors for CVD, as confounders, or as risk modifiers. After examining whether socioeconomic conditions meet the criteria for the three definitions, we argue that none of them fully captures the complexity of their contribution in shaping the epidemic of CVD across and within societies. We argue instead that socioeconomic factors are the "causes of the causes" of CVD. Implications for research and interventions to reduce CVD are discussed.

KW - Cardiovascular disease

KW - Coronary heart disease

KW - Social gradient

KW - Socioeconomic condition

KW - Socioeconomic factor

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77951609758&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77951609758&partnerID=8YFLogxK

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:77951609758

VL - 13

SP - 103

EP - 126

JO - Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine

JF - Dialogues in Cardiovascular Medicine

SN - 1272-9949

IS - 2

ER -

Access to Document