Abstract
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux and microaspiration (MA) of gastric juice are associated with various human respiratory diseases but not in dogs. Objective: To detect the presence of bile acids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of dogs with various respiratory diseases. Animals: Twenty-seven West Highland White Terriers (WHWTs) with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (CIPF), 11 dogs with bacterial pneumonia (BP), 13 with chronic bronchitis (CB), 9 with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP), 19 with laryngeal dysfunction (LD), 8 Irish Wolfhounds (IWHs) with previous BPs, 13 healthy WHWTs, all privately owned dogs, and 6 healthy research colony Beagles. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional observational study with convenience sampling of dogs. Bile acids were measured by mass spectrometry in BALF samples. Total bile acid (TBA) concentration was calculated as a sum of 17 different bile acids. Results: Concentrations of TBA were above the limit of quantification in 78% of CIPF, 45% of BP, 62% of CB, 44% of EBP, 68% of LD, and 13% of IWH dogs. In healthy dogs, bile acids were detected less commonly in Beagles (0/6) than in healthy WHWTs (10/13). Concentrations of TBA were significantly higher in CIPF (median 0.013 μM, range not quantifiable [n.q.]-0.14 μM, P <.001), healthy WHWTs (0.0052 μM, n.q.-1.2 μM, P =.003), LD (0.010 μM, n.q.-2.3 μM, P =.015), and CB (0.0078 μM, n.q.-0.073 μM, P =.018) groups compared to Beagles (0 μM, n.q.). Conclusion and Clinical Importance: These results suggest that MA occurs in various respiratory diseases of dogs and also in healthy WHWTs.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | e15321 |
| Journal | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| DOIs | |
| State | Accepted/In press - Jan 1 2018 |
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Keywords
- bile acid
- bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- canine
- microaspiration
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)
Cite this
Reflux aspiration in lungs of dogs with respiratory disease and in healthy West Highland White Terriers. / Määttä, O. L.M.; Laurila, H. P.; Holopainen, S.; Lilja-Maula, L.; Melamies, M.; Viitanen, S. J.; Johnson, Lynelle R; Koho, N.; Neuvonen, M.; Niemi, M.; Rajamäki, M. M.
In: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 01.01.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Reflux aspiration in lungs of dogs with respiratory disease and in healthy West Highland White Terriers
AU - Määttä, O. L.M.
AU - Laurila, H. P.
AU - Holopainen, S.
AU - Lilja-Maula, L.
AU - Melamies, M.
AU - Viitanen, S. J.
AU - Johnson, Lynelle R
AU - Koho, N.
AU - Neuvonen, M.
AU - Niemi, M.
AU - Rajamäki, M. M.
PY - 2018/1/1
Y1 - 2018/1/1
N2 - Background: Gastroesophageal reflux and microaspiration (MA) of gastric juice are associated with various human respiratory diseases but not in dogs. Objective: To detect the presence of bile acids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of dogs with various respiratory diseases. Animals: Twenty-seven West Highland White Terriers (WHWTs) with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (CIPF), 11 dogs with bacterial pneumonia (BP), 13 with chronic bronchitis (CB), 9 with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP), 19 with laryngeal dysfunction (LD), 8 Irish Wolfhounds (IWHs) with previous BPs, 13 healthy WHWTs, all privately owned dogs, and 6 healthy research colony Beagles. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional observational study with convenience sampling of dogs. Bile acids were measured by mass spectrometry in BALF samples. Total bile acid (TBA) concentration was calculated as a sum of 17 different bile acids. Results: Concentrations of TBA were above the limit of quantification in 78% of CIPF, 45% of BP, 62% of CB, 44% of EBP, 68% of LD, and 13% of IWH dogs. In healthy dogs, bile acids were detected less commonly in Beagles (0/6) than in healthy WHWTs (10/13). Concentrations of TBA were significantly higher in CIPF (median 0.013 μM, range not quantifiable [n.q.]-0.14 μM, P <.001), healthy WHWTs (0.0052 μM, n.q.-1.2 μM, P =.003), LD (0.010 μM, n.q.-2.3 μM, P =.015), and CB (0.0078 μM, n.q.-0.073 μM, P =.018) groups compared to Beagles (0 μM, n.q.). Conclusion and Clinical Importance: These results suggest that MA occurs in various respiratory diseases of dogs and also in healthy WHWTs.
AB - Background: Gastroesophageal reflux and microaspiration (MA) of gastric juice are associated with various human respiratory diseases but not in dogs. Objective: To detect the presence of bile acids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of dogs with various respiratory diseases. Animals: Twenty-seven West Highland White Terriers (WHWTs) with canine idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (CIPF), 11 dogs with bacterial pneumonia (BP), 13 with chronic bronchitis (CB), 9 with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP), 19 with laryngeal dysfunction (LD), 8 Irish Wolfhounds (IWHs) with previous BPs, 13 healthy WHWTs, all privately owned dogs, and 6 healthy research colony Beagles. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional observational study with convenience sampling of dogs. Bile acids were measured by mass spectrometry in BALF samples. Total bile acid (TBA) concentration was calculated as a sum of 17 different bile acids. Results: Concentrations of TBA were above the limit of quantification in 78% of CIPF, 45% of BP, 62% of CB, 44% of EBP, 68% of LD, and 13% of IWH dogs. In healthy dogs, bile acids were detected less commonly in Beagles (0/6) than in healthy WHWTs (10/13). Concentrations of TBA were significantly higher in CIPF (median 0.013 μM, range not quantifiable [n.q.]-0.14 μM, P <.001), healthy WHWTs (0.0052 μM, n.q.-1.2 μM, P =.003), LD (0.010 μM, n.q.-2.3 μM, P =.015), and CB (0.0078 μM, n.q.-0.073 μM, P =.018) groups compared to Beagles (0 μM, n.q.). Conclusion and Clinical Importance: These results suggest that MA occurs in various respiratory diseases of dogs and also in healthy WHWTs.
KW - bile acid
KW - bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
KW - canine
KW - microaspiration
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054803949&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85054803949&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/jvim.15321
DO - 10.1111/jvim.15321
M3 - Article
C2 - 30311983
AN - SCOPUS:85054803949
JO - Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
JF - Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
SN - 0891-6640
M1 - e15321
ER -