Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in the tumor cells of some but not all Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients, and evidence indicates that EBV-positive and -negative HL are distinct entities. Racial/ethnic variation in EBV-positive HL in international comparisons suggests etiologic roles for environmental and genetic factors, but these studies used clinical series and evaluated EBV presence by differing protocols. Therefore, we evaluated EBV presence in the tumors of a large (n = 1,032), racially and sociodemographically diverse series of California incident classical HL cases with uniform pathology re-review and EBV detection methods. Tumor EBV-positivity was associated with Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) but not black race/ethnicity, irrespective of demographic and clinical factors. Complex race-specific associations were observed between EBV-positive HL and age, sex, histology, stage, neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), and birth place. In Hispanics, EBV-positive HL was associated not only with young and older age, male sex, and mixed cellularity histology, but also with foreign birth and lower SES in females, suggesting immune function responses to correlates of early childhood experience and later environmental exposures, respectively, as well as of pregnancy. For APIs, a lack of association with birth place may reflect the higher SES of API than Hispanic immigrants. In blacks, EBV-positive HL was associated with later-stage disease, consistent with racial/ethnic variation in certain cytokine polymorphisms. The racial/ethnic variation in our findings suggests that EBV-positive HL results from an intricate interplay of early- and later-life environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors leading to depressed immune function and poorly controlled EBV infection.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1499-1507 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | International Journal of Cancer |
| Volume | 123 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 1 2008 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Epidemiology
- Epstein-Barr virus
- Hodgkin lymphoma
- Racial/ethnic variation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
- Oncology
- Cancer Research
Cite this
Racial/ethnic variation in EBV-positive classical Hodgkin lymphoma in California populations. / Glaser, Sally L.; Gulley, Margaret L.; Clarke, Christina A.; Keegan, Theresa H; Chang, Ellen T.; Shema, Sarah J.; Craig, Fiona E.; DiGiuseppe, Joseph A.; Dorfman, Ronald F.; Mann, Risa B.; Anton-Culver, Hoda; Ambinder, Richard F.
In: International Journal of Cancer, Vol. 123, No. 7, 01.10.2008, p. 1499-1507.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Racial/ethnic variation in EBV-positive classical Hodgkin lymphoma in California populations
AU - Glaser, Sally L.
AU - Gulley, Margaret L.
AU - Clarke, Christina A.
AU - Keegan, Theresa H
AU - Chang, Ellen T.
AU - Shema, Sarah J.
AU - Craig, Fiona E.
AU - DiGiuseppe, Joseph A.
AU - Dorfman, Ronald F.
AU - Mann, Risa B.
AU - Anton-Culver, Hoda
AU - Ambinder, Richard F.
PY - 2008/10/1
Y1 - 2008/10/1
N2 - Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in the tumor cells of some but not all Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients, and evidence indicates that EBV-positive and -negative HL are distinct entities. Racial/ethnic variation in EBV-positive HL in international comparisons suggests etiologic roles for environmental and genetic factors, but these studies used clinical series and evaluated EBV presence by differing protocols. Therefore, we evaluated EBV presence in the tumors of a large (n = 1,032), racially and sociodemographically diverse series of California incident classical HL cases with uniform pathology re-review and EBV detection methods. Tumor EBV-positivity was associated with Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) but not black race/ethnicity, irrespective of demographic and clinical factors. Complex race-specific associations were observed between EBV-positive HL and age, sex, histology, stage, neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), and birth place. In Hispanics, EBV-positive HL was associated not only with young and older age, male sex, and mixed cellularity histology, but also with foreign birth and lower SES in females, suggesting immune function responses to correlates of early childhood experience and later environmental exposures, respectively, as well as of pregnancy. For APIs, a lack of association with birth place may reflect the higher SES of API than Hispanic immigrants. In blacks, EBV-positive HL was associated with later-stage disease, consistent with racial/ethnic variation in certain cytokine polymorphisms. The racial/ethnic variation in our findings suggests that EBV-positive HL results from an intricate interplay of early- and later-life environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors leading to depressed immune function and poorly controlled EBV infection.
AB - Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in the tumor cells of some but not all Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients, and evidence indicates that EBV-positive and -negative HL are distinct entities. Racial/ethnic variation in EBV-positive HL in international comparisons suggests etiologic roles for environmental and genetic factors, but these studies used clinical series and evaluated EBV presence by differing protocols. Therefore, we evaluated EBV presence in the tumors of a large (n = 1,032), racially and sociodemographically diverse series of California incident classical HL cases with uniform pathology re-review and EBV detection methods. Tumor EBV-positivity was associated with Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) but not black race/ethnicity, irrespective of demographic and clinical factors. Complex race-specific associations were observed between EBV-positive HL and age, sex, histology, stage, neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), and birth place. In Hispanics, EBV-positive HL was associated not only with young and older age, male sex, and mixed cellularity histology, but also with foreign birth and lower SES in females, suggesting immune function responses to correlates of early childhood experience and later environmental exposures, respectively, as well as of pregnancy. For APIs, a lack of association with birth place may reflect the higher SES of API than Hispanic immigrants. In blacks, EBV-positive HL was associated with later-stage disease, consistent with racial/ethnic variation in certain cytokine polymorphisms. The racial/ethnic variation in our findings suggests that EBV-positive HL results from an intricate interplay of early- and later-life environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors leading to depressed immune function and poorly controlled EBV infection.
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Epstein-Barr virus
KW - Hodgkin lymphoma
KW - Racial/ethnic variation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=50549095262&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=50549095262&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ijc.23741
DO - 10.1002/ijc.23741
M3 - Article
C2 - 18646185
AN - SCOPUS:50549095262
VL - 123
SP - 1499
EP - 1507
JO - International Journal of Cancer
JF - International Journal of Cancer
SN - 0020-7136
IS - 7
ER -