Abstract
The efficacy of diazepam, haloperidol, propranolol, and yohimbine in antagonizing the toxic manifestations of d-amphetamine were studied in rats. In the control group of animals given 75 mg/kg intraperitoneal (ip) d-amphetamine, 95% developed seizures, and 100% died in mean times of 12.6 ± 1.0 and 50.1 ± 5.9 minutes, respectively. Significant protection against d-amphetamine-induced death was afforded by pretreatment with haloperidol (1.0 to 20.0 mg/kg) or propranolol (20.0 to 30.0 mg/kg). Diazepam (5.0 to 10.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced the incidence of clinically overt seizures but offered no protection against death. Yohimbine (2.5 to 10.0 mg/kg) was ineffective in preventing either seizures or death. When haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) was administered in combination with diazepam (2.0 mg/kg), the incidence of death was no different than if haloperidol were given alone. In combination, haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) and propranolol (10.0 mg/kg) reduced death more than either agent alone. These data support a protective role of haloperidol or propranolol in the treatment of d-amphetamine intoxication and show no protection with diazepam or yoshimbine.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 105-108 |
| Number of pages | 4 |
| Journal | American Journal of Emergency Medicine |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 1990 |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- Amphetamine
- diazepam
- haloperidol
- propranolol
- yohimbine
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Emergency Medicine
Cite this
Protection against d-amphetamine toxicity. / Derlet, Robert W.; Albertson, Timothy E; Rice, Pamela.
In: American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1990, p. 105-108.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Protection against d-amphetamine toxicity
AU - Derlet, Robert W.
AU - Albertson, Timothy E
AU - Rice, Pamela
PY - 1990
Y1 - 1990
N2 - The efficacy of diazepam, haloperidol, propranolol, and yohimbine in antagonizing the toxic manifestations of d-amphetamine were studied in rats. In the control group of animals given 75 mg/kg intraperitoneal (ip) d-amphetamine, 95% developed seizures, and 100% died in mean times of 12.6 ± 1.0 and 50.1 ± 5.9 minutes, respectively. Significant protection against d-amphetamine-induced death was afforded by pretreatment with haloperidol (1.0 to 20.0 mg/kg) or propranolol (20.0 to 30.0 mg/kg). Diazepam (5.0 to 10.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced the incidence of clinically overt seizures but offered no protection against death. Yohimbine (2.5 to 10.0 mg/kg) was ineffective in preventing either seizures or death. When haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) was administered in combination with diazepam (2.0 mg/kg), the incidence of death was no different than if haloperidol were given alone. In combination, haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) and propranolol (10.0 mg/kg) reduced death more than either agent alone. These data support a protective role of haloperidol or propranolol in the treatment of d-amphetamine intoxication and show no protection with diazepam or yoshimbine.
AB - The efficacy of diazepam, haloperidol, propranolol, and yohimbine in antagonizing the toxic manifestations of d-amphetamine were studied in rats. In the control group of animals given 75 mg/kg intraperitoneal (ip) d-amphetamine, 95% developed seizures, and 100% died in mean times of 12.6 ± 1.0 and 50.1 ± 5.9 minutes, respectively. Significant protection against d-amphetamine-induced death was afforded by pretreatment with haloperidol (1.0 to 20.0 mg/kg) or propranolol (20.0 to 30.0 mg/kg). Diazepam (5.0 to 10.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced the incidence of clinically overt seizures but offered no protection against death. Yohimbine (2.5 to 10.0 mg/kg) was ineffective in preventing either seizures or death. When haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) was administered in combination with diazepam (2.0 mg/kg), the incidence of death was no different than if haloperidol were given alone. In combination, haloperidol (1.0 mg/kg) and propranolol (10.0 mg/kg) reduced death more than either agent alone. These data support a protective role of haloperidol or propranolol in the treatment of d-amphetamine intoxication and show no protection with diazepam or yoshimbine.
KW - Amphetamine
KW - diazepam
KW - haloperidol
KW - propranolol
KW - yohimbine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025252365&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0025252365&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0735-6757(90)90194-5
DO - 10.1016/0735-6757(90)90194-5
M3 - Article
C2 - 2302276
AN - SCOPUS:0025252365
VL - 8
SP - 105
EP - 108
JO - American Journal of Emergency Medicine
JF - American Journal of Emergency Medicine
SN - 0735-6757
IS - 2
ER -