Abstract
Objective: To determine whether women with vasomotor symptoms (VMS) have lower bone mineral density (BMD) than do women without VMS. Methods: We analyzed data from baseline to annual follow-up visit 5 for 2,213 participants in the bone substudy of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. At baseline, women were aged 42 to 52 years, had an intact uterus and one or more ovaries, were not using exogenous hormones, were not pregnant or lactating, and were premenopausal or early perimenopausal. Menopausal stage and VMS were assessed by annual questionnaire. Menopausal stages were premenopausal, early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, and postmenopausal. Using repeated-measures mixed models, we determined the association between VMS (any vs none) and BMD (by dual x-ray absorptiometry) within each menopause status category. Results: After controlling for age, time within each menopausal stage, race/ethnicity, study site, and baseline menopausal stage, postmenopausal women with any VMS had lower lumbar (0.008 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.001) and lower total hip (0.005 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.04) BMD than did postmenopausal women without VMS. Compared with early perimenopausal women without VMS, early perimenopausal women with any VMS had lower femoral neck BMD (0.003 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.0001). Premenopausal women with any VMS had lower femoral neck BMD (0.003 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.03) compared with premenopausal women without VMS. Conclusions: Even in the earliest menopausal transition stages, women with VMS had lower BMD than did women without VMS. Effects varied by anatomical site, being most evident at the lumbar spine and total hip in postmenopausal women and at the femoral neck among premenopausal and early perimenopausal women.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 239-246 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Menopause |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 2009 |
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Keywords
- Bone mineral density
- Hot flashes
- Menopause
- Vasomotor symptoms
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
Cite this
Presence of vasomotor symptoms is associated with lower bone mineral density : A longitudinal analysis. / Crandall, Carolyn J.; Zheng, Yan; Crawford, Sybil L.; Thurston, Rebecca C.; Gold, Ellen B; Johnston, Janet M.; Greendale, Gail A.
In: Menopause, Vol. 16, No. 2, 03.2009, p. 239-246.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Presence of vasomotor symptoms is associated with lower bone mineral density
T2 - A longitudinal analysis
AU - Crandall, Carolyn J.
AU - Zheng, Yan
AU - Crawford, Sybil L.
AU - Thurston, Rebecca C.
AU - Gold, Ellen B
AU - Johnston, Janet M.
AU - Greendale, Gail A.
PY - 2009/3
Y1 - 2009/3
N2 - Objective: To determine whether women with vasomotor symptoms (VMS) have lower bone mineral density (BMD) than do women without VMS. Methods: We analyzed data from baseline to annual follow-up visit 5 for 2,213 participants in the bone substudy of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. At baseline, women were aged 42 to 52 years, had an intact uterus and one or more ovaries, were not using exogenous hormones, were not pregnant or lactating, and were premenopausal or early perimenopausal. Menopausal stage and VMS were assessed by annual questionnaire. Menopausal stages were premenopausal, early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, and postmenopausal. Using repeated-measures mixed models, we determined the association between VMS (any vs none) and BMD (by dual x-ray absorptiometry) within each menopause status category. Results: After controlling for age, time within each menopausal stage, race/ethnicity, study site, and baseline menopausal stage, postmenopausal women with any VMS had lower lumbar (0.008 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.001) and lower total hip (0.005 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.04) BMD than did postmenopausal women without VMS. Compared with early perimenopausal women without VMS, early perimenopausal women with any VMS had lower femoral neck BMD (0.003 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.0001). Premenopausal women with any VMS had lower femoral neck BMD (0.003 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.03) compared with premenopausal women without VMS. Conclusions: Even in the earliest menopausal transition stages, women with VMS had lower BMD than did women without VMS. Effects varied by anatomical site, being most evident at the lumbar spine and total hip in postmenopausal women and at the femoral neck among premenopausal and early perimenopausal women.
AB - Objective: To determine whether women with vasomotor symptoms (VMS) have lower bone mineral density (BMD) than do women without VMS. Methods: We analyzed data from baseline to annual follow-up visit 5 for 2,213 participants in the bone substudy of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. At baseline, women were aged 42 to 52 years, had an intact uterus and one or more ovaries, were not using exogenous hormones, were not pregnant or lactating, and were premenopausal or early perimenopausal. Menopausal stage and VMS were assessed by annual questionnaire. Menopausal stages were premenopausal, early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, and postmenopausal. Using repeated-measures mixed models, we determined the association between VMS (any vs none) and BMD (by dual x-ray absorptiometry) within each menopause status category. Results: After controlling for age, time within each menopausal stage, race/ethnicity, study site, and baseline menopausal stage, postmenopausal women with any VMS had lower lumbar (0.008 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.001) and lower total hip (0.005 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.04) BMD than did postmenopausal women without VMS. Compared with early perimenopausal women without VMS, early perimenopausal women with any VMS had lower femoral neck BMD (0.003 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.0001). Premenopausal women with any VMS had lower femoral neck BMD (0.003 g/cm 2 lower, P = 0.03) compared with premenopausal women without VMS. Conclusions: Even in the earliest menopausal transition stages, women with VMS had lower BMD than did women without VMS. Effects varied by anatomical site, being most evident at the lumbar spine and total hip in postmenopausal women and at the femoral neck among premenopausal and early perimenopausal women.
KW - Bone mineral density
KW - Hot flashes
KW - Menopause
KW - Vasomotor symptoms
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67649345968&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=67649345968&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181857964
DO - 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181857964
M3 - Article
C2 - 19002017
AN - SCOPUS:67649345968
VL - 16
SP - 239
EP - 246
JO - Menopause
JF - Menopause
SN - 1072-3714
IS - 2
ER -