Abstract
We explore the possibilities enabled by the spatiotemporal modulation of graphene's conductivity to realize magnetic-free isolators at terahertz and infrared frequencies. To this purpose, graphene is loaded with periodically distributed gates that are time-modulated. First, we investigate plasmonic isolators based on various mechanisms such as asymmetric bandgaps and interband photonic transitions and we demonstrate isolation levels over 30 dB using realistic biasing schemes. To lessen the dependence on high-quality graphene able to support surface plasmons with low damping, we then introduce a hybrid photonic platform based on spatiotemporally modulated graphene coupled to high-Q modes propagating on dielectric waveguides. We exploit transversal Fabry-Perot resonances appearing due to the finite-width of the waveguide to significantly boost graphene/waveguide interactions and to achieve isolation levels over 50 dB in compact structures modulated with low biasing voltages. The resulting platform is CMOS-compatible, exhibits an overall loss below 4 dB, and is robust against graphene imperfections. We also put forward a theoretical framework based on coupled-mode theory and on solving the eigenstates of the modulated structure that is in excellent agreement with full-wave numerical simulations, sheds light in the underlying physics that govern the proposed isolators, and speeds-up their analysis and design. We envision that the proposed technology will open new and efficient routes to realize integrated and siliconcompatible isolators, with wide range of applications in communications and photonic networks.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI |
| Editors | M. Saif Islam, Thomas George |
| Publisher | SPIE |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781510626294 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2019 |
| Event | 2019 Micro- and Nanotechnology (MNT) Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI Conference - Baltimore, United States Duration: Apr 14 2019 → Apr 18 2019 |
Publication series
| Name | Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering |
|---|---|
| Volume | 10982 |
| ISSN (Print) | 0277-786X |
| ISSN (Electronic) | 1996-756X |
Conference
| Conference | 2019 Micro- and Nanotechnology (MNT) Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI Conference |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| City | Baltimore |
| Period | 4/14/19 → 4/18/19 |
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Keywords
- Graphene
- Infrared
- Isolators
- Nonreciprocity
- Photonics
- Plasmonics
- Terahertz
- Waveguides
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Computer Science Applications
- Applied Mathematics
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Cite this
Plasmonic and photonic isolators based on the spatiotemporal modulation of graphene. / Correas-Serrano, D.; Paul, N. K.; Gomez Diaz, Juan Sebastian.
Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI. ed. / M. Saif Islam; Thomas George. SPIE, 2019. 109821I (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 10982).Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution
}
TY - GEN
T1 - Plasmonic and photonic isolators based on the spatiotemporal modulation of graphene
AU - Correas-Serrano, D.
AU - Paul, N. K.
AU - Gomez Diaz, Juan Sebastian
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - We explore the possibilities enabled by the spatiotemporal modulation of graphene's conductivity to realize magnetic-free isolators at terahertz and infrared frequencies. To this purpose, graphene is loaded with periodically distributed gates that are time-modulated. First, we investigate plasmonic isolators based on various mechanisms such as asymmetric bandgaps and interband photonic transitions and we demonstrate isolation levels over 30 dB using realistic biasing schemes. To lessen the dependence on high-quality graphene able to support surface plasmons with low damping, we then introduce a hybrid photonic platform based on spatiotemporally modulated graphene coupled to high-Q modes propagating on dielectric waveguides. We exploit transversal Fabry-Perot resonances appearing due to the finite-width of the waveguide to significantly boost graphene/waveguide interactions and to achieve isolation levels over 50 dB in compact structures modulated with low biasing voltages. The resulting platform is CMOS-compatible, exhibits an overall loss below 4 dB, and is robust against graphene imperfections. We also put forward a theoretical framework based on coupled-mode theory and on solving the eigenstates of the modulated structure that is in excellent agreement with full-wave numerical simulations, sheds light in the underlying physics that govern the proposed isolators, and speeds-up their analysis and design. We envision that the proposed technology will open new and efficient routes to realize integrated and siliconcompatible isolators, with wide range of applications in communications and photonic networks.
AB - We explore the possibilities enabled by the spatiotemporal modulation of graphene's conductivity to realize magnetic-free isolators at terahertz and infrared frequencies. To this purpose, graphene is loaded with periodically distributed gates that are time-modulated. First, we investigate plasmonic isolators based on various mechanisms such as asymmetric bandgaps and interband photonic transitions and we demonstrate isolation levels over 30 dB using realistic biasing schemes. To lessen the dependence on high-quality graphene able to support surface plasmons with low damping, we then introduce a hybrid photonic platform based on spatiotemporally modulated graphene coupled to high-Q modes propagating on dielectric waveguides. We exploit transversal Fabry-Perot resonances appearing due to the finite-width of the waveguide to significantly boost graphene/waveguide interactions and to achieve isolation levels over 50 dB in compact structures modulated with low biasing voltages. The resulting platform is CMOS-compatible, exhibits an overall loss below 4 dB, and is robust against graphene imperfections. We also put forward a theoretical framework based on coupled-mode theory and on solving the eigenstates of the modulated structure that is in excellent agreement with full-wave numerical simulations, sheds light in the underlying physics that govern the proposed isolators, and speeds-up their analysis and design. We envision that the proposed technology will open new and efficient routes to realize integrated and siliconcompatible isolators, with wide range of applications in communications and photonic networks.
KW - Graphene
KW - Infrared
KW - Isolators
KW - Nonreciprocity
KW - Photonics
KW - Plasmonics
KW - Terahertz
KW - Waveguides
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069718873&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85069718873&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/12.2519237
DO - 10.1117/12.2519237
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85069718873
T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
BT - Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications XI
A2 - Islam, M. Saif
A2 - George, Thomas
PB - SPIE
ER -