Abstract
Birds are routinely presented to veterinarians for dehydration. Success with these cases ultimately depends on providing replacement fluids and re-establishing fluid homeostasis. Few studies have been done to determine reference ranges for plasma osmolality in birds. The goals of this study were to determine reference values for plasma osmolality in 3 species of parrots and to provide recommendations on fluid selection for replacement therapy in these species. Blood samples were collected from 21 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 21 Congo African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), and 9 red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys), and were placed into lithium heparin containers. Plasma osmolality was measured in duplicate with a freezing point depression osmometer. Summary statistics were computed from the average values. Reference ranges, calculated by using the robust method, were 288-324, 308-345, and 223-369 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. The mean ± SD values were 306 ± 7, 327 ± 7, and 304 ± 18 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. Comparisons with osmolality values in mammals and values previously reported for psittacine bird species suggest that plasma osmolality is slightly higher in parrots than in mammals, species-specific differences exist, and differences between reported values occur. Overall, fluids with an osmolarity close to 300-320 mOsm/L, such as Normosol-R, Plasmalyte-R, Plasmalyte-A, and NaCl 0.9%, can be recommended in parrots for fluid replacement therapy when isotonic fluids are required.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 91-96 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 1 2011 |
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Keywords
- African grey parrot
- Amazona ventralis
- Ara rubrogenys
- avian
- fluid therapy
- Hispaniolan Amazon parrot
- osmolarity
- plasma osmolality
- psittacine
- Psittacus erithacus erithacus
- red-fronted macaw
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Small Animals
Cite this
Plasma osmolality reference values in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), hispaniolan amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), and red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys). / Beaufrère, Hugues; Acierno, Mark; Mitchell, Mark; Guzman, David; Bryant, Heather; Tully, Thomas N.
In: Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, Vol. 25, No. 2, 01.06.2011, p. 91-96.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Plasma osmolality reference values in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), hispaniolan amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), and red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys)
AU - Beaufrère, Hugues
AU - Acierno, Mark
AU - Mitchell, Mark
AU - Guzman, David
AU - Bryant, Heather
AU - Tully, Thomas N.
PY - 2011/6/1
Y1 - 2011/6/1
N2 - Birds are routinely presented to veterinarians for dehydration. Success with these cases ultimately depends on providing replacement fluids and re-establishing fluid homeostasis. Few studies have been done to determine reference ranges for plasma osmolality in birds. The goals of this study were to determine reference values for plasma osmolality in 3 species of parrots and to provide recommendations on fluid selection for replacement therapy in these species. Blood samples were collected from 21 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 21 Congo African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), and 9 red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys), and were placed into lithium heparin containers. Plasma osmolality was measured in duplicate with a freezing point depression osmometer. Summary statistics were computed from the average values. Reference ranges, calculated by using the robust method, were 288-324, 308-345, and 223-369 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. The mean ± SD values were 306 ± 7, 327 ± 7, and 304 ± 18 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. Comparisons with osmolality values in mammals and values previously reported for psittacine bird species suggest that plasma osmolality is slightly higher in parrots than in mammals, species-specific differences exist, and differences between reported values occur. Overall, fluids with an osmolarity close to 300-320 mOsm/L, such as Normosol-R, Plasmalyte-R, Plasmalyte-A, and NaCl 0.9%, can be recommended in parrots for fluid replacement therapy when isotonic fluids are required.
AB - Birds are routinely presented to veterinarians for dehydration. Success with these cases ultimately depends on providing replacement fluids and re-establishing fluid homeostasis. Few studies have been done to determine reference ranges for plasma osmolality in birds. The goals of this study were to determine reference values for plasma osmolality in 3 species of parrots and to provide recommendations on fluid selection for replacement therapy in these species. Blood samples were collected from 21 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 21 Congo African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus erithacus), and 9 red-fronted macaws (Ara rubrogenys), and were placed into lithium heparin containers. Plasma osmolality was measured in duplicate with a freezing point depression osmometer. Summary statistics were computed from the average values. Reference ranges, calculated by using the robust method, were 288-324, 308-345, and 223-369 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. The mean ± SD values were 306 ± 7, 327 ± 7, and 304 ± 18 mOsm/kg in African grey parrots, Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, and red-fronted macaws, respectively. Comparisons with osmolality values in mammals and values previously reported for psittacine bird species suggest that plasma osmolality is slightly higher in parrots than in mammals, species-specific differences exist, and differences between reported values occur. Overall, fluids with an osmolarity close to 300-320 mOsm/L, such as Normosol-R, Plasmalyte-R, Plasmalyte-A, and NaCl 0.9%, can be recommended in parrots for fluid replacement therapy when isotonic fluids are required.
KW - African grey parrot
KW - Amazona ventralis
KW - Ara rubrogenys
KW - avian
KW - fluid therapy
KW - Hispaniolan Amazon parrot
KW - osmolarity
KW - plasma osmolality
KW - psittacine
KW - Psittacus erithacus erithacus
KW - red-fronted macaw
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79960357966&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=79960357966&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1647/2010-015.1
DO - 10.1647/2010-015.1
M3 - Article
C2 - 21877445
AN - SCOPUS:79960357966
VL - 25
SP - 91
EP - 96
JO - Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery
JF - Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery
SN - 1082-6742
IS - 2
ER -