Abstract
A number of studies have documented suppression of lymphocyte activation in mice infected with Salmonella. Here, we describe incomplete activation of CD4+ T cells following intravenous injection of specific peptide and LPS into Salmonella-infected mice. Although antigen-specific CD4+ T cells were activated by peptide/LPS to increase surface CD69 expression, they did not produce IL-2 or TNF-α. Suppression of cytokine production did not require prolonged exposure of the T cells to the Salmonella-infected environment, was not antigen specific, but was dependent upon the presence of LPS during stimulation. These data suggest that Salmonella-infected mice are exquisitely sensitive to the generation of a suppressive environment following innate immune stimulation with LPS. In agreement with this interpretation, repeated low-dose administration of LPS caused uncontrolled replication of attenuated Salmonella in vivo.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 403-411 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Journal of Leukocyte Biology |
Volume | 81 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 1 2007 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Bacterial infection
- IL-2
- Tumor necrosis factor-α
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cell Biology