Abstract
Pimobendan is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor and calcium sensitizer with inotropic, lusitropic, and rasodilator properties used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. The mechanism of action is by inhibition of PDE III and V and by increasing intracellular calcium sensitivity in the cardiac myocardium. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have been published in humans, dogs, and cats, but there are no studies in avian species. Pimobendan has been used in birds at the empirical dosage of 0.25 mg/kg q12h. To determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of pimobendan in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 3 pilot studies with 2 birds, each receiving 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg PO, provided the basis for the pivotal trials with 6 birds, each receiving 10 mg/kg PO using 2 different suspensions. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 18 hours after drug administration. Plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) by use of electrospray ionization. Because of the erratic and low concentrations of pimobendan, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using naive averaged analysis. Plasma concentrations after commercial pimobendan tablet suspension at 10 mg/kg reached a Cmax of 8.26 ng/mL at 3 hours with a terminal half-life of 2.1 hours, while concentrations after the bulk chemical suspension reached a Cmax of 1.28 ng/mL at 12 hours and had a terminal half-life of 2.3 hours. Further studies evaluating the effect of oral pimobendan in parrots are needed.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 95-101 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery |
| Volume | 28 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2014 |
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Keywords
- Amazona ventralis
- avian
- congestive heart failure
- Hispaniolan Amazon parrots
- inotropic
- pharmacokinetic
- pimobendan
- psittacine
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Small Animals
Cite this
Pharmacokinetics of single oral dose of pimobendan in hispaniolan amazon parrots (amazona ventralis). / Guzman, David; Beaufrère, Hugues; Kukanich, Butch; Barker, Steven A.; Brandão, João; Paul-Murphy, Joanne R; Tully, Thomas N.
In: Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, Vol. 28, No. 2, 2014, p. 95-101.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Pharmacokinetics of single oral dose of pimobendan in hispaniolan amazon parrots (amazona ventralis)
AU - Guzman, David
AU - Beaufrère, Hugues
AU - Kukanich, Butch
AU - Barker, Steven A.
AU - Brandão, João
AU - Paul-Murphy, Joanne R
AU - Tully, Thomas N.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Pimobendan is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor and calcium sensitizer with inotropic, lusitropic, and rasodilator properties used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. The mechanism of action is by inhibition of PDE III and V and by increasing intracellular calcium sensitivity in the cardiac myocardium. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have been published in humans, dogs, and cats, but there are no studies in avian species. Pimobendan has been used in birds at the empirical dosage of 0.25 mg/kg q12h. To determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of pimobendan in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 3 pilot studies with 2 birds, each receiving 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg PO, provided the basis for the pivotal trials with 6 birds, each receiving 10 mg/kg PO using 2 different suspensions. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 18 hours after drug administration. Plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) by use of electrospray ionization. Because of the erratic and low concentrations of pimobendan, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using naive averaged analysis. Plasma concentrations after commercial pimobendan tablet suspension at 10 mg/kg reached a Cmax of 8.26 ng/mL at 3 hours with a terminal half-life of 2.1 hours, while concentrations after the bulk chemical suspension reached a Cmax of 1.28 ng/mL at 12 hours and had a terminal half-life of 2.3 hours. Further studies evaluating the effect of oral pimobendan in parrots are needed.
AB - Pimobendan is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor and calcium sensitizer with inotropic, lusitropic, and rasodilator properties used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. The mechanism of action is by inhibition of PDE III and V and by increasing intracellular calcium sensitivity in the cardiac myocardium. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have been published in humans, dogs, and cats, but there are no studies in avian species. Pimobendan has been used in birds at the empirical dosage of 0.25 mg/kg q12h. To determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of pimobendan in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis), 3 pilot studies with 2 birds, each receiving 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg PO, provided the basis for the pivotal trials with 6 birds, each receiving 10 mg/kg PO using 2 different suspensions. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 18 hours after drug administration. Plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) by use of electrospray ionization. Because of the erratic and low concentrations of pimobendan, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using naive averaged analysis. Plasma concentrations after commercial pimobendan tablet suspension at 10 mg/kg reached a Cmax of 8.26 ng/mL at 3 hours with a terminal half-life of 2.1 hours, while concentrations after the bulk chemical suspension reached a Cmax of 1.28 ng/mL at 12 hours and had a terminal half-life of 2.3 hours. Further studies evaluating the effect of oral pimobendan in parrots are needed.
KW - Amazona ventralis
KW - avian
KW - congestive heart failure
KW - Hispaniolan Amazon parrots
KW - inotropic
KW - pharmacokinetic
KW - pimobendan
KW - psittacine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84902660538&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84902660538&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1647/2012-061
DO - 10.1647/2012-061
M3 - Article
C2 - 25115037
AN - SCOPUS:84902660538
VL - 28
SP - 95
EP - 101
JO - Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery
JF - Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery
SN - 1082-6742
IS - 2
ER -