TY - JOUR
T1 - Pharmacokinetics of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine (Simbadol) in male dogs
AU - Hansford, Jeremy
AU - Henao-Guerrero, Natalia
AU - Machado, Marcela L.
AU - Pypendop, Bruno H.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Dr Joao HN Soares for his contribution to early study planning. This study was funded by the Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California (no. 2018-26-F ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Objective: To describe the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine in dogs following administration of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine. Study design: Prospective, randomized, crossover study. Animals: A total of six healthy male intact Beagle dogs, aged 9–13 months and weighing 10.3 ± 1.4 kg (mean ± standard deviation). Methods: Dogs were randomized to be administered buprenorphine (0.12 mg kg–1; Simbadol, 1.8 mg mL–1) via the intravenous (lateral saphenous) or subcutaneous (dorsal interscapular) route followed by the alternative route of administration after a 14 day interval. Blood was sampled before administration and at set times up to 72 hours after injection. Plasma buprenorphine concentration was measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: A three-compartment model with zero or biphasic rapid and slow first-order input in (intravenous or subcutaneous data, respectively) and first-order elimination from the central compartment best fitted the data. The rapid first-order input accounted for 63% of the dosage absorption. Typical values (% interindividual variability) for the three compartment volumes were 900 (33), 2425 (not estimated) and 6360 (28) mL kg–1. The metabolic and two distribution clearances were 25.7 (21), 107.5 (74) and 5.7 (61) mL minute–1 kg–1. The absorption half-life for the fast absorption phase was 8.9 minutes with a 0.7 (103) minute delay. The absorption half-life for the slow absorption phase was 347 minutes with a 226 (42) minute delay. Median (range) bioavailability calculated from noncompartmental analysis was 143 (80–239)%. Calculated terminal half-life was 963 minutes. Conclusions and clinical relevance: The high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine administered subcutaneously had a large volume of distribution and a rapid absorption phase followed by slower, delayed absorption. The high estimate of bioavailability should be interpreted with caution as values above 100% are most commonly related to experimental issues.
AB - Objective: To describe the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine in dogs following administration of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine. Study design: Prospective, randomized, crossover study. Animals: A total of six healthy male intact Beagle dogs, aged 9–13 months and weighing 10.3 ± 1.4 kg (mean ± standard deviation). Methods: Dogs were randomized to be administered buprenorphine (0.12 mg kg–1; Simbadol, 1.8 mg mL–1) via the intravenous (lateral saphenous) or subcutaneous (dorsal interscapular) route followed by the alternative route of administration after a 14 day interval. Blood was sampled before administration and at set times up to 72 hours after injection. Plasma buprenorphine concentration was measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: A three-compartment model with zero or biphasic rapid and slow first-order input in (intravenous or subcutaneous data, respectively) and first-order elimination from the central compartment best fitted the data. The rapid first-order input accounted for 63% of the dosage absorption. Typical values (% interindividual variability) for the three compartment volumes were 900 (33), 2425 (not estimated) and 6360 (28) mL kg–1. The metabolic and two distribution clearances were 25.7 (21), 107.5 (74) and 5.7 (61) mL minute–1 kg–1. The absorption half-life for the fast absorption phase was 8.9 minutes with a 0.7 (103) minute delay. The absorption half-life for the slow absorption phase was 347 minutes with a 226 (42) minute delay. Median (range) bioavailability calculated from noncompartmental analysis was 143 (80–239)%. Calculated terminal half-life was 963 minutes. Conclusions and clinical relevance: The high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine administered subcutaneously had a large volume of distribution and a rapid absorption phase followed by slower, delayed absorption. The high estimate of bioavailability should be interpreted with caution as values above 100% are most commonly related to experimental issues.
KW - biological availability
KW - buprenorphine
KW - dogs
KW - nonlinear mixed-effects modeling
KW - pharmacokinetics
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U2 - 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.04.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 34059460
AN - SCOPUS:85106983482
VL - 48
SP - 509
EP - 516
JO - Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia
JF - Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia
SN - 1467-2987
IS - 4
ER -