Abstract
The muscular anatomy of the face is complex. Animation patterns of facial muscles vary significantly among individuals. Activity of facial muscles determines expression and emotion and affects the eyes aperture and the amount and extent of facial rhytids. Injection of botulin toxin for facial rejuvenation has become a very popular procedure and allows the practitioner the ability to modulate facial expression and to decrease the amount of facial rhytids. A thorough knowledge of the variant facial anatomy is necessary to maximize the efficiency of botulin toxin injection. This knowledge will also aid in minimizing complication an untoward side effect.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 56S-61S |
| Journal | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery |
| Volume | 136 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2015 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Surgery
Cite this
Newer understanding of specific anatomic targets in the aging face as applied to injectables : Facial muscles-identifying optimal targets for neuromodulators. / Sykes, Jonathan M; Trevidic, Patrick; Suárez, Gustavo A.; Criollo-Lamilla, Gisella.
In: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vol. 136, No. 5, 2015, p. 56S-61S.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Newer understanding of specific anatomic targets in the aging face as applied to injectables
T2 - Facial muscles-identifying optimal targets for neuromodulators
AU - Sykes, Jonathan M
AU - Trevidic, Patrick
AU - Suárez, Gustavo A.
AU - Criollo-Lamilla, Gisella
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - The muscular anatomy of the face is complex. Animation patterns of facial muscles vary significantly among individuals. Activity of facial muscles determines expression and emotion and affects the eyes aperture and the amount and extent of facial rhytids. Injection of botulin toxin for facial rejuvenation has become a very popular procedure and allows the practitioner the ability to modulate facial expression and to decrease the amount of facial rhytids. A thorough knowledge of the variant facial anatomy is necessary to maximize the efficiency of botulin toxin injection. This knowledge will also aid in minimizing complication an untoward side effect.
AB - The muscular anatomy of the face is complex. Animation patterns of facial muscles vary significantly among individuals. Activity of facial muscles determines expression and emotion and affects the eyes aperture and the amount and extent of facial rhytids. Injection of botulin toxin for facial rejuvenation has become a very popular procedure and allows the practitioner the ability to modulate facial expression and to decrease the amount of facial rhytids. A thorough knowledge of the variant facial anatomy is necessary to maximize the efficiency of botulin toxin injection. This knowledge will also aid in minimizing complication an untoward side effect.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84943798887&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84943798887&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/PRS.0000000000001731
DO - 10.1097/PRS.0000000000001731
M3 - Article
C2 - 26441113
AN - SCOPUS:84943798887
VL - 136
SP - 56S-61S
JO - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
JF - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
SN - 0032-1052
IS - 5
ER -