Abstract
Pigs have three CYP19 genes encoding functional paralogues of aromatase cytochrome P450 expressed tissue specifically in the gonads/hypothalamus, placenta, and preimplantation blastocyst. Gene duplication is predicted to have relaxed selection pressure and allowed evolution of enzyme function. All isozymes catalyze estrogen synthesis. However, the "gonadal/ hypothalamic" form (ghP450arom) is unique among mammalian aromatases in also synthesizing a nonaromatizable, biopotent testosterone metabolite, 1OH-testosterone (1OH-T) that is hypothesized to have promoted increased ovulation rate and litter size. High ghP450arom expression in porcine testis facilitates study of differential regulation in hypothalamus and gonads that is not possible in other species. These, the first such studies in pig brain, demonstrate unusual aspects of P450arom expression and regulation in the hypothalamus, offering promise of gaining better insight into roles of P450arom in reproductive function.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Brain Aromatase, Estrogens, and Behavior |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780199979837, 9780199841196 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 24 2013 |
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Keywords
- Aromatase
- Domestic pig
- Evolution
- Gene duplication
- Gonads
- Hypothalamus
- Placenta
- Reproductive function
- Suiforme
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Neuroscience(all)
Cite this
Multiple Forms of Aromatase in Suiformes : Tissue Distribution, Regulation, and Functional Significance. / Conley, Alan J; Orr, Veronica N.; Trainor, Brian C.; Berger, Trish; Hughes, Austin.
Brain Aromatase, Estrogens, and Behavior. Oxford University Press, 2013.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Multiple Forms of Aromatase in Suiformes
T2 - Tissue Distribution, Regulation, and Functional Significance
AU - Conley, Alan J
AU - Orr, Veronica N.
AU - Trainor, Brian C.
AU - Berger, Trish
AU - Hughes, Austin
PY - 2013/1/24
Y1 - 2013/1/24
N2 - Pigs have three CYP19 genes encoding functional paralogues of aromatase cytochrome P450 expressed tissue specifically in the gonads/hypothalamus, placenta, and preimplantation blastocyst. Gene duplication is predicted to have relaxed selection pressure and allowed evolution of enzyme function. All isozymes catalyze estrogen synthesis. However, the "gonadal/ hypothalamic" form (ghP450arom) is unique among mammalian aromatases in also synthesizing a nonaromatizable, biopotent testosterone metabolite, 1OH-testosterone (1OH-T) that is hypothesized to have promoted increased ovulation rate and litter size. High ghP450arom expression in porcine testis facilitates study of differential regulation in hypothalamus and gonads that is not possible in other species. These, the first such studies in pig brain, demonstrate unusual aspects of P450arom expression and regulation in the hypothalamus, offering promise of gaining better insight into roles of P450arom in reproductive function.
AB - Pigs have three CYP19 genes encoding functional paralogues of aromatase cytochrome P450 expressed tissue specifically in the gonads/hypothalamus, placenta, and preimplantation blastocyst. Gene duplication is predicted to have relaxed selection pressure and allowed evolution of enzyme function. All isozymes catalyze estrogen synthesis. However, the "gonadal/ hypothalamic" form (ghP450arom) is unique among mammalian aromatases in also synthesizing a nonaromatizable, biopotent testosterone metabolite, 1OH-testosterone (1OH-T) that is hypothesized to have promoted increased ovulation rate and litter size. High ghP450arom expression in porcine testis facilitates study of differential regulation in hypothalamus and gonads that is not possible in other species. These, the first such studies in pig brain, demonstrate unusual aspects of P450arom expression and regulation in the hypothalamus, offering promise of gaining better insight into roles of P450arom in reproductive function.
KW - Aromatase
KW - Domestic pig
KW - Evolution
KW - Gene duplication
KW - Gonads
KW - Hypothalamus
KW - Placenta
KW - Reproductive function
KW - Suiforme
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84905238753&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84905238753&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841196.003.0004
DO - 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841196.003.0004
M3 - Chapter
SN - 9780199979837
SN - 9780199841196
BT - Brain Aromatase, Estrogens, and Behavior
PB - Oxford University Press
ER -