Abstract
Clostridium perfringens uses its large arsenal of protein toxins to produce histotoxic, neurologic and intestinal infections in humans and animals. The major toxins involved in diseases are alpha (CPA), beta (CPB), epsilon (ETX), iota (ITX), enterotoxin (CPE), and necrotic B-like (NetB) toxins. CPA is the main virulence factor involved in gas gangrene in humans, whereas its role in animal diseases is limited and controversial. CPB is responsible for necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia, mostly in neonatal individuals of many animal species, including humans. ETX is the main toxin involved in enterotoxemia of sheep and goats. ITX has been implicated in cases of enteritis in rabbits and other animal species; however, its specific role in causing disease has not been proved. CPE is responsible for human food-poisoning and non-foodborne C. perfringens-mediated diarrhea. NetB is the cause of necrotic enteritis in chickens. In most cases, host–toxin interaction starts on the plasma membrane of target cells via specific receptors, resulting in the activation of intracellular pathways with a variety of effects, commonly including cell death. In general, the molecular mechanisms of cell death associated with C. perfringens toxins involve features of apoptosis, necrosis and/or necroptosis.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 212 |
| Journal | Toxins |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 22 2018 |
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Keywords
- Apoptosis
- Cell death
- Clostridium perfringens
- Mechanisms
- Necrosis
- Toxins
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Toxicology
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Cite this
Mechanisms of action and cell death associated with Clostridium perfringens toxins. / Navarro, Mauricio A.; McClane, Bruce A.; Uzal, Francisco A.
In: Toxins, Vol. 10, No. 5, 212, 22.05.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanisms of action and cell death associated with Clostridium perfringens toxins
AU - Navarro, Mauricio A.
AU - McClane, Bruce A.
AU - Uzal, Francisco A
PY - 2018/5/22
Y1 - 2018/5/22
N2 - Clostridium perfringens uses its large arsenal of protein toxins to produce histotoxic, neurologic and intestinal infections in humans and animals. The major toxins involved in diseases are alpha (CPA), beta (CPB), epsilon (ETX), iota (ITX), enterotoxin (CPE), and necrotic B-like (NetB) toxins. CPA is the main virulence factor involved in gas gangrene in humans, whereas its role in animal diseases is limited and controversial. CPB is responsible for necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia, mostly in neonatal individuals of many animal species, including humans. ETX is the main toxin involved in enterotoxemia of sheep and goats. ITX has been implicated in cases of enteritis in rabbits and other animal species; however, its specific role in causing disease has not been proved. CPE is responsible for human food-poisoning and non-foodborne C. perfringens-mediated diarrhea. NetB is the cause of necrotic enteritis in chickens. In most cases, host–toxin interaction starts on the plasma membrane of target cells via specific receptors, resulting in the activation of intracellular pathways with a variety of effects, commonly including cell death. In general, the molecular mechanisms of cell death associated with C. perfringens toxins involve features of apoptosis, necrosis and/or necroptosis.
AB - Clostridium perfringens uses its large arsenal of protein toxins to produce histotoxic, neurologic and intestinal infections in humans and animals. The major toxins involved in diseases are alpha (CPA), beta (CPB), epsilon (ETX), iota (ITX), enterotoxin (CPE), and necrotic B-like (NetB) toxins. CPA is the main virulence factor involved in gas gangrene in humans, whereas its role in animal diseases is limited and controversial. CPB is responsible for necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia, mostly in neonatal individuals of many animal species, including humans. ETX is the main toxin involved in enterotoxemia of sheep and goats. ITX has been implicated in cases of enteritis in rabbits and other animal species; however, its specific role in causing disease has not been proved. CPE is responsible for human food-poisoning and non-foodborne C. perfringens-mediated diarrhea. NetB is the cause of necrotic enteritis in chickens. In most cases, host–toxin interaction starts on the plasma membrane of target cells via specific receptors, resulting in the activation of intracellular pathways with a variety of effects, commonly including cell death. In general, the molecular mechanisms of cell death associated with C. perfringens toxins involve features of apoptosis, necrosis and/or necroptosis.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Cell death
KW - Clostridium perfringens
KW - Mechanisms
KW - Necrosis
KW - Toxins
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85047995500&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85047995500&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/toxins10050212
DO - 10.3390/toxins10050212
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29786671
AN - SCOPUS:85047995500
VL - 10
JO - Toxins
JF - Toxins
SN - 2072-6651
IS - 5
M1 - 212
ER -