Abstract
Factors related to milk volume and sources of variance in intake were examined using data at 3 months from the longitudinal Davis Area Research on Lactation, Infant Nutrition and Growth study. Milk intake of 73 exclusively breast-fed infants was measured by 4-day test-weighing, correcting for insensible water loss. Total volume extracted was assessed by a combination of test-weighing and expression of breast contents during a subsequent 24-hour period. Residual milk volume was calculated as volume extracted minus intake. Intake, volume extracted, and residual milk volume averaged 818, 914, and 109 g/d, respectively. The interindividual coefficient of variation in intake (16.3%) was greater than within-individual day-to-day variation (8.9%). In comparing those with low (<650 g/d) vs average intake, there was no significant difference in residual milk volume between groups (85 vs 111 g/d), indicating that infants with low intakes left as much milk unconsumed as those with higher intakes. There were no differences between groups in maternal age, parity, or anthropometric indices. Infants with low intakes were smaller and spent less time nursing, even though their mothers reportedly nursed on demand. In linear regressions, none of the maternal variables was significantly correlated with intake, volume extracted, or residual milk volume. Infant birth weight, weight at 3 months, and total time nursing were positively associated with intake. The results suggest that infant demand is the main determinant of lactation performance in populations such as this.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 829-837 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Pediatrics |
| Volume | 87 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| State | Published - 1991 |
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Keywords
- breast milk
- dietary intake
- infant nutrition
- lactation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Cite this
Maternal versus infant factors related to breast milk intake and residual milk volume : The DARLING study. / Dewey, K. G.; Heinig, J. M.; Nommsen, L. A.; Lonnerdal, B.
In: Pediatrics, Vol. 87, No. 6, 1991, p. 829-837.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal versus infant factors related to breast milk intake and residual milk volume
T2 - The DARLING study
AU - Dewey, K. G.
AU - Heinig, J. M.
AU - Nommsen, L. A.
AU - Lonnerdal, B.
PY - 1991
Y1 - 1991
N2 - Factors related to milk volume and sources of variance in intake were examined using data at 3 months from the longitudinal Davis Area Research on Lactation, Infant Nutrition and Growth study. Milk intake of 73 exclusively breast-fed infants was measured by 4-day test-weighing, correcting for insensible water loss. Total volume extracted was assessed by a combination of test-weighing and expression of breast contents during a subsequent 24-hour period. Residual milk volume was calculated as volume extracted minus intake. Intake, volume extracted, and residual milk volume averaged 818, 914, and 109 g/d, respectively. The interindividual coefficient of variation in intake (16.3%) was greater than within-individual day-to-day variation (8.9%). In comparing those with low (<650 g/d) vs average intake, there was no significant difference in residual milk volume between groups (85 vs 111 g/d), indicating that infants with low intakes left as much milk unconsumed as those with higher intakes. There were no differences between groups in maternal age, parity, or anthropometric indices. Infants with low intakes were smaller and spent less time nursing, even though their mothers reportedly nursed on demand. In linear regressions, none of the maternal variables was significantly correlated with intake, volume extracted, or residual milk volume. Infant birth weight, weight at 3 months, and total time nursing were positively associated with intake. The results suggest that infant demand is the main determinant of lactation performance in populations such as this.
AB - Factors related to milk volume and sources of variance in intake were examined using data at 3 months from the longitudinal Davis Area Research on Lactation, Infant Nutrition and Growth study. Milk intake of 73 exclusively breast-fed infants was measured by 4-day test-weighing, correcting for insensible water loss. Total volume extracted was assessed by a combination of test-weighing and expression of breast contents during a subsequent 24-hour period. Residual milk volume was calculated as volume extracted minus intake. Intake, volume extracted, and residual milk volume averaged 818, 914, and 109 g/d, respectively. The interindividual coefficient of variation in intake (16.3%) was greater than within-individual day-to-day variation (8.9%). In comparing those with low (<650 g/d) vs average intake, there was no significant difference in residual milk volume between groups (85 vs 111 g/d), indicating that infants with low intakes left as much milk unconsumed as those with higher intakes. There were no differences between groups in maternal age, parity, or anthropometric indices. Infants with low intakes were smaller and spent less time nursing, even though their mothers reportedly nursed on demand. In linear regressions, none of the maternal variables was significantly correlated with intake, volume extracted, or residual milk volume. Infant birth weight, weight at 3 months, and total time nursing were positively associated with intake. The results suggest that infant demand is the main determinant of lactation performance in populations such as this.
KW - breast milk
KW - dietary intake
KW - infant nutrition
KW - lactation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025819058&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0025819058&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 2034486
AN - SCOPUS:0025819058
VL - 87
SP - 829
EP - 837
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
SN - 0031-4005
IS - 6
ER -