TY - JOUR
T1 - Localization, expression and control of adrenocorticotropic hormone in the nucleus preopticus and pituitary gland of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
AU - Metz, Juriaan R.
AU - Huising, Mark O.
AU - Meek, Johannes
AU - Taverne-Thiele, Anja J.
AU - Bonga, Sjoerd E.Wendelaar
AU - Flik, Gert
PY - 2004/7
Y1 - 2004/7
N2 - Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) takes a central role in the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis (HPI axis), which is activated during stress. ACTH is produced by the corticotrope cells of the pituitary pars distalis (PD) and is under control of factors from the nucleus preopticus (NPO). The distribution of ACTH in the hypothalamo-pituitary system in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was assessed by immunohistochemistry. ACTH and β-endorphin immunoreactivity was observed in the ACTH cells in the PD and in the NPO. Nerve fibers, originating from the NPO and projecting to the pituitary gland, contain β-endorphin, but not ACTH, and these fibers either control the pituitary pars intermedia (PI) through β-endorphin or release it to the blood. The release of pituitary ACTH (studied in a superfusion setup) must in vivo be under predominant inhibitory control of dopamine. Release of ACTH is stimulated by corticotropin-releasing hormone, but only when ACTH cells experience dopaminergic inhibition. The expression of the precursor pro-opiomelanocortin in (POMC) NPO, PD and PI was studied in an acute restraint stress paradigm by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). POMC gene expression is upregulated in these three key tissues of the hypothalamo-pituitary complex, revealing a hitherto unforeseen complex role for POMC-derived peptides in the regulation of responses to stress.
AB - Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) takes a central role in the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis (HPI axis), which is activated during stress. ACTH is produced by the corticotrope cells of the pituitary pars distalis (PD) and is under control of factors from the nucleus preopticus (NPO). The distribution of ACTH in the hypothalamo-pituitary system in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) was assessed by immunohistochemistry. ACTH and β-endorphin immunoreactivity was observed in the ACTH cells in the PD and in the NPO. Nerve fibers, originating from the NPO and projecting to the pituitary gland, contain β-endorphin, but not ACTH, and these fibers either control the pituitary pars intermedia (PI) through β-endorphin or release it to the blood. The release of pituitary ACTH (studied in a superfusion setup) must in vivo be under predominant inhibitory control of dopamine. Release of ACTH is stimulated by corticotropin-releasing hormone, but only when ACTH cells experience dopaminergic inhibition. The expression of the precursor pro-opiomelanocortin in (POMC) NPO, PD and PI was studied in an acute restraint stress paradigm by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). POMC gene expression is upregulated in these three key tissues of the hypothalamo-pituitary complex, revealing a hitherto unforeseen complex role for POMC-derived peptides in the regulation of responses to stress.
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U2 - 10.1677/joe.0.1820023
DO - 10.1677/joe.0.1820023
M3 - Article
C2 - 15225128
AN - SCOPUS:4043099051
VL - 182
SP - 23
EP - 31
JO - Journal of Endocrinology
JF - Journal of Endocrinology
SN - 0022-0795
IS - 1
ER -