Abstract
PURPOSE. Vaccinia virus keratitis leading to blindness is a severe complication of smallpox vaccination. The clinical manifestations of vaccinia virus keratitis are similar to those of herpes simplex virus keratitis, a well-studied immunopathologic disease. Vaccinia virus keratitis is likely to involve an immunopathologic component, but little is known about the pathogenesis of the disease. The goal of this study was to determine type and kinetics of immune cell infiltration in the cornea during vaccinia virus keratitis. METHODS. Rabbit eyes were trephined and inoculated with 1 × 105 pfu of the Dryvax strain of the vaccinia virus. On days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, and 28 after infection, the animals were scored for clinical disease and eye sections were stained for B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and neutrophils. The eyelid, ciliary body, cornea, iris, iridocorneal angle, and choroid were examined. RESULTS. Corneal vaccinia virus challenge resulted in the infiltration of B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and neutrophils into the cornea and eyelids. Neutrophils were the predominant cell type on days 2 and 3 after infection, whereas CD4+ cells were the predominant cell type detected in corneas on days 4 through 10. CD8+ cells and B cells peaked on day 10, but at lower levels than CD4+ cells and neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that sequential migration of neutrophils, then CD4+ cells, plays an important role in vaccinia virus keratitis.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 4541-4548 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science |
| Volume | 51 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 2010 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ophthalmology
- Sensory Systems
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Kinetics of immune cell infiltration in vaccinia virus keratitis. / Altmann, Sharon; Toomey, Megan; Nesbit, Brittany; McIntyre, Kim; Covert, Jill; Dubielzig, Richard Redd; Leatherberry, Gary; Adkins, Elizabeth; Murphy, Christopher J; Brandt, Curtis R.
In: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Vol. 51, No. 9, 09.2010, p. 4541-4548.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Kinetics of immune cell infiltration in vaccinia virus keratitis
AU - Altmann, Sharon
AU - Toomey, Megan
AU - Nesbit, Brittany
AU - McIntyre, Kim
AU - Covert, Jill
AU - Dubielzig, Richard Redd
AU - Leatherberry, Gary
AU - Adkins, Elizabeth
AU - Murphy, Christopher J
AU - Brandt, Curtis R.
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - PURPOSE. Vaccinia virus keratitis leading to blindness is a severe complication of smallpox vaccination. The clinical manifestations of vaccinia virus keratitis are similar to those of herpes simplex virus keratitis, a well-studied immunopathologic disease. Vaccinia virus keratitis is likely to involve an immunopathologic component, but little is known about the pathogenesis of the disease. The goal of this study was to determine type and kinetics of immune cell infiltration in the cornea during vaccinia virus keratitis. METHODS. Rabbit eyes were trephined and inoculated with 1 × 105 pfu of the Dryvax strain of the vaccinia virus. On days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, and 28 after infection, the animals were scored for clinical disease and eye sections were stained for B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and neutrophils. The eyelid, ciliary body, cornea, iris, iridocorneal angle, and choroid were examined. RESULTS. Corneal vaccinia virus challenge resulted in the infiltration of B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and neutrophils into the cornea and eyelids. Neutrophils were the predominant cell type on days 2 and 3 after infection, whereas CD4+ cells were the predominant cell type detected in corneas on days 4 through 10. CD8+ cells and B cells peaked on day 10, but at lower levels than CD4+ cells and neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that sequential migration of neutrophils, then CD4+ cells, plays an important role in vaccinia virus keratitis.
AB - PURPOSE. Vaccinia virus keratitis leading to blindness is a severe complication of smallpox vaccination. The clinical manifestations of vaccinia virus keratitis are similar to those of herpes simplex virus keratitis, a well-studied immunopathologic disease. Vaccinia virus keratitis is likely to involve an immunopathologic component, but little is known about the pathogenesis of the disease. The goal of this study was to determine type and kinetics of immune cell infiltration in the cornea during vaccinia virus keratitis. METHODS. Rabbit eyes were trephined and inoculated with 1 × 105 pfu of the Dryvax strain of the vaccinia virus. On days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, and 28 after infection, the animals were scored for clinical disease and eye sections were stained for B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and neutrophils. The eyelid, ciliary body, cornea, iris, iridocorneal angle, and choroid were examined. RESULTS. Corneal vaccinia virus challenge resulted in the infiltration of B cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, and neutrophils into the cornea and eyelids. Neutrophils were the predominant cell type on days 2 and 3 after infection, whereas CD4+ cells were the predominant cell type detected in corneas on days 4 through 10. CD8+ cells and B cells peaked on day 10, but at lower levels than CD4+ cells and neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that sequential migration of neutrophils, then CD4+ cells, plays an important role in vaccinia virus keratitis.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77957354911&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77957354911&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1167/iovs.09-5107
DO - 10.1167/iovs.09-5107
M3 - Article
C2 - 20375330
AN - SCOPUS:77957354911
VL - 51
SP - 4541
EP - 4548
JO - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
JF - Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science
SN - 0146-0404
IS - 9
ER -