TY - JOUR
T1 - KB-R7943 block of Ca2+ influx via Na+/Ca2+ exchange does not alter twitches or glycoside inotropy but prevents Ca2+ overload in rat ventricular myocytes
AU - Satoh, Hiroshi
AU - Ginsburg, Kenneth S
AU - Qing, Ke
AU - Terada, Hajime
AU - Hayashi, Hideharu
AU - Bers, Donald M
PY - 2000/3/28
Y1 - 2000/3/28
N2 - Background - The Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) extrudes Ca2+ from cardiac myocytes, but it can also mediate Ca2+ influx, load the sarcoplasmic reticulum with Ca2+, and trigger Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In ischemia/reperfusion or digitalis toxicity, increased levels of intracellular [Na+] ([Na+](i)) may raise levels of intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+](i)) via NCX, leading to cell injury and arrhythmia. Methods and Results - We used KB-R7943 (KBR) to selectively block Ca2+ influx via NCX to study the role of NCX-mediated Ca2+ influx in intact rat ventricular myocytes. Removing extracellular Na+ caused [Ca2+](i) to rise, due to Ca2+ influx via NCX, and this was blocked by 90% with 5 μmol/L KBR. However, KBR did not alter [Ca2+](i), decline due to NCX. Thus, we used 5 μmol/L KBR to selectively block Ca2+ entry but not efflux via NCX. Under control conditions, 5 μmol/L KBR did not alter steady-state twitches, Ca2+ transients, Ca2+ load in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, or rest potentiation, but it did prolong the late low plateau of the rat action potential. When Na+/K+ ATPase was inhibited by strophanthidin, KBR reduced diastolic [Ca2+](i) and abolished the spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations, but it did not prevent inotropy. Conclusions - In rat ventricular myocytes, Ca2+ influx via NCX is not important for normal excitation-contraction coupling. Furthermore, the inhibition of Ca2+ efflux alone (as [Na+](i) rises) may be sufficient to cause glycoside inotropy. In contrast, Ca2+ overload and spontaneous activity at high [Na+](i) was blocked by KBR, suggesting that net Ca2+ influx (not merely reduced efflux) via NCX is involved in potentially arrhythmogenic Ca2+ overload.
AB - Background - The Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) extrudes Ca2+ from cardiac myocytes, but it can also mediate Ca2+ influx, load the sarcoplasmic reticulum with Ca2+, and trigger Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In ischemia/reperfusion or digitalis toxicity, increased levels of intracellular [Na+] ([Na+](i)) may raise levels of intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+](i)) via NCX, leading to cell injury and arrhythmia. Methods and Results - We used KB-R7943 (KBR) to selectively block Ca2+ influx via NCX to study the role of NCX-mediated Ca2+ influx in intact rat ventricular myocytes. Removing extracellular Na+ caused [Ca2+](i) to rise, due to Ca2+ influx via NCX, and this was blocked by 90% with 5 μmol/L KBR. However, KBR did not alter [Ca2+](i), decline due to NCX. Thus, we used 5 μmol/L KBR to selectively block Ca2+ entry but not efflux via NCX. Under control conditions, 5 μmol/L KBR did not alter steady-state twitches, Ca2+ transients, Ca2+ load in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, or rest potentiation, but it did prolong the late low plateau of the rat action potential. When Na+/K+ ATPase was inhibited by strophanthidin, KBR reduced diastolic [Ca2+](i) and abolished the spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations, but it did not prevent inotropy. Conclusions - In rat ventricular myocytes, Ca2+ influx via NCX is not important for normal excitation-contraction coupling. Furthermore, the inhibition of Ca2+ efflux alone (as [Na+](i) rises) may be sufficient to cause glycoside inotropy. In contrast, Ca2+ overload and spontaneous activity at high [Na+](i) was blocked by KBR, suggesting that net Ca2+ influx (not merely reduced efflux) via NCX is involved in potentially arrhythmogenic Ca2+ overload.
KW - Arrhythmia
KW - Ion exchange
KW - Myocytes
KW - Sarcoplasmic reticulum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034724436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0034724436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 10736290
AN - SCOPUS:0034724436
VL - 101
SP - 1441
EP - 1446
JO - Circulation
JF - Circulation
SN - 0009-7322
IS - 12
ER -