Abstract
Objective: To describe the outcome of 3 cases of ivermectin toxicosis in dogs homozygous for the ABCB1-1Δ gene mutation treated with intravenous fat emulsion (IFE). Series Summary: One Australian Shepherd and 2 Miniature Australian Shepherds were treated for naturally occurring ivermectin toxicosis with IFE. All 3 dogs were homozygous for the ABCB1-1Δ gene mutation. Serum ivermectin concentrations confirmed ivermectin exposure in each case. All 3 dogs exhibited tremors, ptyalism, and central nervous system depression, which progressed over several hours to stupor in 2 dogs, and to a comatose state requiring mechanical ventilation in the remaining dog. A 20% formulation of IFEa was administered as an IV bolus (1.5 mL/kg) followed by a slow IV infusion (7.5-15 mL/kg [0.25-0.5 mL/kg/m], over 30 minutes). No change was observed in the neurologic status of any patient. Lipemia visible upon blood sampling persisted for 36 hours in 1 dog however, no other adverse effects were noted. Flumazenil (0.01 mg/kg IV), followed by a constant rate infusion(CRI) of 0.01 mg/kg/h IV was administered in 1 case, without any apparent clinical benefit or adverse effect. New or Unique Information Provided: IFE was ineffective in the treatment of ivermectin toxicosis in these ABCB1-1Δ homozygous mutant dogs. Further investigation is necessary to determine why IFE treatment was unsuccessful in these cases and whether its use can be optimized to yield better results.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 666-672 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 2011 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Central nervous system depressants
- Neurotoxicity
- P-glycoprotein
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)
- Medicine(all)