Abstract
Background: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality in human patients and is associated with substantial morbidity and death. The incidence and importance of hyponatremia in dogs and cats has not been determined. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe the incidence of and prognosis associated with hyponatremia in dogs and cats at a university teaching hospital. Animals: Of 16,691 dogs and 4,211 cats with measured blood or serum sodium concentration. Methods: Retrospective study. Medical records of animals with a blood or serum sodium concentration measured during a 60-month period were reviewed to determine the severity of hyponatremia and its associated fatality rate. Cases with moderate (11-15 mmol/L below the reference range) or severe hyponatremia (≥16 mmol/L below the reference range) were further reviewed. Results: Of 4,254 dogs (25.5%) and 2,081 cats (49.4%) were diagnosed with hyponatremia. Case fatality rates of dogs and cats with hyponatremia were 13.7% and 11.9%, respectively, compared to 4.4% and 4.5% with a normal blood or serum sodium concentration (P < 0.0001). The magnitude of hyponatremia was linearly associated with a higher case fatality rate (P < 0.0001). Hyponatremia was associated with a lower case fatality rate than hypernatremia in the same population. Among the animals with moderate or severe hyponatremia, 92.1% of dogs and 90.6% of cats presented with community-acquired hyponatremia, and 7.9% of dogs and 9.4% of cats developed hospital-acquired hyponatremia. Conclusions and clinical importance: Hyponatremia was found commonly in this population and was associated with increased case fatality rate. Presence and severity of hyponatremia might be useful as a prognostic indicator.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 801-807 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| Volume | 29 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 1 2015 |
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Keywords
- Dysnatremia
- Osmolality
- Sodium
- Water balance
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)
Cite this
Incidence, Severity and Prognosis Associated with Hyponatremia in Dogs and Cats. / Ueda, Y.; Hopper, Katrina; Epstein, Steven E.
In: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 29, No. 3, 01.05.2015, p. 801-807.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Incidence, Severity and Prognosis Associated with Hyponatremia in Dogs and Cats
AU - Ueda, Y.
AU - Hopper, Katrina
AU - Epstein, Steven E
PY - 2015/5/1
Y1 - 2015/5/1
N2 - Background: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality in human patients and is associated with substantial morbidity and death. The incidence and importance of hyponatremia in dogs and cats has not been determined. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe the incidence of and prognosis associated with hyponatremia in dogs and cats at a university teaching hospital. Animals: Of 16,691 dogs and 4,211 cats with measured blood or serum sodium concentration. Methods: Retrospective study. Medical records of animals with a blood or serum sodium concentration measured during a 60-month period were reviewed to determine the severity of hyponatremia and its associated fatality rate. Cases with moderate (11-15 mmol/L below the reference range) or severe hyponatremia (≥16 mmol/L below the reference range) were further reviewed. Results: Of 4,254 dogs (25.5%) and 2,081 cats (49.4%) were diagnosed with hyponatremia. Case fatality rates of dogs and cats with hyponatremia were 13.7% and 11.9%, respectively, compared to 4.4% and 4.5% with a normal blood or serum sodium concentration (P < 0.0001). The magnitude of hyponatremia was linearly associated with a higher case fatality rate (P < 0.0001). Hyponatremia was associated with a lower case fatality rate than hypernatremia in the same population. Among the animals with moderate or severe hyponatremia, 92.1% of dogs and 90.6% of cats presented with community-acquired hyponatremia, and 7.9% of dogs and 9.4% of cats developed hospital-acquired hyponatremia. Conclusions and clinical importance: Hyponatremia was found commonly in this population and was associated with increased case fatality rate. Presence and severity of hyponatremia might be useful as a prognostic indicator.
AB - Background: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality in human patients and is associated with substantial morbidity and death. The incidence and importance of hyponatremia in dogs and cats has not been determined. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe the incidence of and prognosis associated with hyponatremia in dogs and cats at a university teaching hospital. Animals: Of 16,691 dogs and 4,211 cats with measured blood or serum sodium concentration. Methods: Retrospective study. Medical records of animals with a blood or serum sodium concentration measured during a 60-month period were reviewed to determine the severity of hyponatremia and its associated fatality rate. Cases with moderate (11-15 mmol/L below the reference range) or severe hyponatremia (≥16 mmol/L below the reference range) were further reviewed. Results: Of 4,254 dogs (25.5%) and 2,081 cats (49.4%) were diagnosed with hyponatremia. Case fatality rates of dogs and cats with hyponatremia were 13.7% and 11.9%, respectively, compared to 4.4% and 4.5% with a normal blood or serum sodium concentration (P < 0.0001). The magnitude of hyponatremia was linearly associated with a higher case fatality rate (P < 0.0001). Hyponatremia was associated with a lower case fatality rate than hypernatremia in the same population. Among the animals with moderate or severe hyponatremia, 92.1% of dogs and 90.6% of cats presented with community-acquired hyponatremia, and 7.9% of dogs and 9.4% of cats developed hospital-acquired hyponatremia. Conclusions and clinical importance: Hyponatremia was found commonly in this population and was associated with increased case fatality rate. Presence and severity of hyponatremia might be useful as a prognostic indicator.
KW - Dysnatremia
KW - Osmolality
KW - Sodium
KW - Water balance
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84929840470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84929840470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/jvim.12581
DO - 10.1111/jvim.12581
M3 - Article
VL - 29
SP - 801
EP - 807
JO - Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
JF - Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
SN - 0891-6640
IS - 3
ER -