Incidence of abnormal mammograms after reduction mammoplasty: Implications for oncoplastic closure

Background: Reduction mammoplasty requires significant tissue dissection, which may impact the interpretation of future mammograms used in breast cancer surveillance. The aim of this study was to define the incidence of abnormal mammography after reduction mammoplasty and to assess the impact of substantial tissue remodeling on interpreting mammography. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective case-control study examining results of postoperative mammography after reduction mammoplasty over a 5-year period. Results: Between 2001 and 2005, 87 patients underwent breast reduction and had available postoperative mammography. A control group of 30 patients were identified who underwent consultation for breast reduction but did not have surgery. The median time to postoperative mammography was 52 weeks. The incidence of abnormal first postoperative mammogram (Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System [BIRADS] 0, 3-6) was not significantly different between reduction mammoplasty patients and controls (n = 23, 26% vs 8, 27%, respectively, P = 1.00). Age, postoperative complications, tissue pathology, history of previous breast biopsy, and abnormal preoperative mammography did not significantly predict abnormal postoperative mammogram. Postoperative mammography led to additional imaging in 20 patients (23%) and breast biopsy in 1 patient (1.1%). Conclusions: Despite the substantial tissue mobilization performed during reduction mammoplasty, postoperative screening mammography does not lead to significantly more imaging or diagnostic interventions when compared with nonoperative controls. This small case-control study suggests that oncoplastic closure techniques should not adversely impact subsequent mammography.