Abstract
Introduction: Oleander (Nerium oleander) poisoning is a common problem found in many parts of the world. The oleander toxicity is due to oleandrin and its aglycone metabolite oleandrigenin. Activated charcoal is a useful gastrointestinal decontamination agent that limits the absorption of ingested toxins. A relatively new clay product, Bio-SpongeTM, containing di-tri-octahedral smectite as the active ingredient, is also recommended for adsorbing bacterial toxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Bio-Sponge TM has been used to prevent gastrointestinal absorption of oleander toxins in livestock but the efficacy of activated charcoal and Bio-Sponge TM for adsorbing oleandrin and oleandrigenin has not yet been studied. Methods: An in vitro experiment to compare the efficacy of three commercially available adsorbents was performed. The adsorbents include Bio-SpongeTM, ToxiBanTM granules, and a generic grade activated charcoal. Results: ToxiBanTM granules have the highest adsorptive capacity, followed by the generic grade activated charcoal, and finally, Bio-SpongeTM. Discussion: Bio-SpongeTM did not adsorb oleandrin and oleandrigenin at concentrations that are expected to be present in the gastrointestinal tract of poisoned animals. Conclusions: On the basis of this in vitro study, products containing activated charcoal are more effective for binding oleander toxins and providing gastrointestinal decontamination than products containing di-tri-octahedral smectite. However, the ability of these adsorbents to alter the clinical outcome in oleander-poisoned animals or humans is yet to be evaluated.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 213-218 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Clinical Toxicology |
| Volume | 47 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2009 |
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Keywords
- Activated charcoal
- Acute poisoning
- Adsorption
- Toxic plants
- Toxins
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Toxicology
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
In vitro study of the effectiveness of three commercial adsorbents for binding oleander toxins. / Tiwary, Asheesh K.; Poppenga, Robert H; Puschner, Birgit.
In: Clinical Toxicology, Vol. 47, No. 3, 2009, p. 213-218.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - In vitro study of the effectiveness of three commercial adsorbents for binding oleander toxins
AU - Tiwary, Asheesh K.
AU - Poppenga, Robert H
AU - Puschner, Birgit
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Introduction: Oleander (Nerium oleander) poisoning is a common problem found in many parts of the world. The oleander toxicity is due to oleandrin and its aglycone metabolite oleandrigenin. Activated charcoal is a useful gastrointestinal decontamination agent that limits the absorption of ingested toxins. A relatively new clay product, Bio-SpongeTM, containing di-tri-octahedral smectite as the active ingredient, is also recommended for adsorbing bacterial toxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Bio-Sponge TM has been used to prevent gastrointestinal absorption of oleander toxins in livestock but the efficacy of activated charcoal and Bio-Sponge TM for adsorbing oleandrin and oleandrigenin has not yet been studied. Methods: An in vitro experiment to compare the efficacy of three commercially available adsorbents was performed. The adsorbents include Bio-SpongeTM, ToxiBanTM granules, and a generic grade activated charcoal. Results: ToxiBanTM granules have the highest adsorptive capacity, followed by the generic grade activated charcoal, and finally, Bio-SpongeTM. Discussion: Bio-SpongeTM did not adsorb oleandrin and oleandrigenin at concentrations that are expected to be present in the gastrointestinal tract of poisoned animals. Conclusions: On the basis of this in vitro study, products containing activated charcoal are more effective for binding oleander toxins and providing gastrointestinal decontamination than products containing di-tri-octahedral smectite. However, the ability of these adsorbents to alter the clinical outcome in oleander-poisoned animals or humans is yet to be evaluated.
AB - Introduction: Oleander (Nerium oleander) poisoning is a common problem found in many parts of the world. The oleander toxicity is due to oleandrin and its aglycone metabolite oleandrigenin. Activated charcoal is a useful gastrointestinal decontamination agent that limits the absorption of ingested toxins. A relatively new clay product, Bio-SpongeTM, containing di-tri-octahedral smectite as the active ingredient, is also recommended for adsorbing bacterial toxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Bio-Sponge TM has been used to prevent gastrointestinal absorption of oleander toxins in livestock but the efficacy of activated charcoal and Bio-Sponge TM for adsorbing oleandrin and oleandrigenin has not yet been studied. Methods: An in vitro experiment to compare the efficacy of three commercially available adsorbents was performed. The adsorbents include Bio-SpongeTM, ToxiBanTM granules, and a generic grade activated charcoal. Results: ToxiBanTM granules have the highest adsorptive capacity, followed by the generic grade activated charcoal, and finally, Bio-SpongeTM. Discussion: Bio-SpongeTM did not adsorb oleandrin and oleandrigenin at concentrations that are expected to be present in the gastrointestinal tract of poisoned animals. Conclusions: On the basis of this in vitro study, products containing activated charcoal are more effective for binding oleander toxins and providing gastrointestinal decontamination than products containing di-tri-octahedral smectite. However, the ability of these adsorbents to alter the clinical outcome in oleander-poisoned animals or humans is yet to be evaluated.
KW - Activated charcoal
KW - Acute poisoning
KW - Adsorption
KW - Toxic plants
KW - Toxins
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=64049113776&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=64049113776&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/15563650802590314
DO - 10.1080/15563650802590314
M3 - Article
C2 - 19274509
AN - SCOPUS:64049113776
VL - 47
SP - 213
EP - 218
JO - Clinical Toxicology
JF - Clinical Toxicology
SN - 1556-3650
IS - 3
ER -