Abstract
Free-ranging Hoffmann's two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni; n=26) and brown-throated three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus; n = 15) were manually captured and immobilized with 2.5 mg/kg ketamine + 0.02 mg/kg medetomidine administered intramuscularly. Physical examinations were conducted on each sloth 10 min after initial injection, and blood, fecal, and ectoparasite samples were collected. Heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, indirect systolic blood pressure, and indirect peripheral oxygen saturation were monitored every 5 min for the duration of anesthesia. After 45 min, atipamazole (0.1 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly, as an antagonist to medetomidine, in order to facilitate recovery. All recoveries were smooth, rapid, and uneventful. Physiologic parameters were compared across time, gender, and species. All sloths, regardless of species and gender, demonstrated a time-dependent decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, and an increase in respiratory rate, during the course of anesthesia. Peripheral oxygen saturation was similar for all sloths over time. There were significant species differences for heart rate (Choloepus > Bradypus), respiratory rate (Choloepus > Bradypus), and systolic blood pressure (Bradypus > Choloepus), while there were significant gender differences for body temperature (males > females) and blood pressure (males > females). Results of this study suggest that the ketamine-medetomidine mixture, as described above, is a safe and effective anesthetic combination in free-ranging two- and three-toed sloths, although peripheral blood pressure should be monitored during anesthesia.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 938-945 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Journal of Wildlife Diseases |
| Volume | 44 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| State | Published - Oct 2008 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Atipamazole
- Bradypus variegatus
- Choloepus hoffmanni
- Immobilization
- Ketamine
- Medetomidine
- Physiology
- Three-toed sloth
- Two-toed sloth
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Ecology
Cite this
Immobilization of free-ranging Hoffmann's two-toed and brown-throated three-toed sloths using ketamine and medetomidine : A comparasion of physiologic parameters. / Hanley, Christopher S.; Siudak-Campfield, Joanna; Paul-Murphy, Joanne R; Vaughan, Christopher; Ramirez, Oscar; Keuler, Nicholas S.; Sladky, Kurt K.
In: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, Vol. 44, No. 4, 10.2008, p. 938-945.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Immobilization of free-ranging Hoffmann's two-toed and brown-throated three-toed sloths using ketamine and medetomidine
T2 - A comparasion of physiologic parameters
AU - Hanley, Christopher S.
AU - Siudak-Campfield, Joanna
AU - Paul-Murphy, Joanne R
AU - Vaughan, Christopher
AU - Ramirez, Oscar
AU - Keuler, Nicholas S.
AU - Sladky, Kurt K.
PY - 2008/10
Y1 - 2008/10
N2 - Free-ranging Hoffmann's two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni; n=26) and brown-throated three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus; n = 15) were manually captured and immobilized with 2.5 mg/kg ketamine + 0.02 mg/kg medetomidine administered intramuscularly. Physical examinations were conducted on each sloth 10 min after initial injection, and blood, fecal, and ectoparasite samples were collected. Heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, indirect systolic blood pressure, and indirect peripheral oxygen saturation were monitored every 5 min for the duration of anesthesia. After 45 min, atipamazole (0.1 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly, as an antagonist to medetomidine, in order to facilitate recovery. All recoveries were smooth, rapid, and uneventful. Physiologic parameters were compared across time, gender, and species. All sloths, regardless of species and gender, demonstrated a time-dependent decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, and an increase in respiratory rate, during the course of anesthesia. Peripheral oxygen saturation was similar for all sloths over time. There were significant species differences for heart rate (Choloepus > Bradypus), respiratory rate (Choloepus > Bradypus), and systolic blood pressure (Bradypus > Choloepus), while there were significant gender differences for body temperature (males > females) and blood pressure (males > females). Results of this study suggest that the ketamine-medetomidine mixture, as described above, is a safe and effective anesthetic combination in free-ranging two- and three-toed sloths, although peripheral blood pressure should be monitored during anesthesia.
AB - Free-ranging Hoffmann's two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni; n=26) and brown-throated three-toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus; n = 15) were manually captured and immobilized with 2.5 mg/kg ketamine + 0.02 mg/kg medetomidine administered intramuscularly. Physical examinations were conducted on each sloth 10 min after initial injection, and blood, fecal, and ectoparasite samples were collected. Heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, indirect systolic blood pressure, and indirect peripheral oxygen saturation were monitored every 5 min for the duration of anesthesia. After 45 min, atipamazole (0.1 mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly, as an antagonist to medetomidine, in order to facilitate recovery. All recoveries were smooth, rapid, and uneventful. Physiologic parameters were compared across time, gender, and species. All sloths, regardless of species and gender, demonstrated a time-dependent decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, and an increase in respiratory rate, during the course of anesthesia. Peripheral oxygen saturation was similar for all sloths over time. There were significant species differences for heart rate (Choloepus > Bradypus), respiratory rate (Choloepus > Bradypus), and systolic blood pressure (Bradypus > Choloepus), while there were significant gender differences for body temperature (males > females) and blood pressure (males > females). Results of this study suggest that the ketamine-medetomidine mixture, as described above, is a safe and effective anesthetic combination in free-ranging two- and three-toed sloths, although peripheral blood pressure should be monitored during anesthesia.
KW - Atipamazole
KW - Bradypus variegatus
KW - Choloepus hoffmanni
KW - Immobilization
KW - Ketamine
KW - Medetomidine
KW - Physiology
KW - Three-toed sloth
KW - Two-toed sloth
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=56549117168&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=56549117168&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 18957650
AN - SCOPUS:56549117168
VL - 44
SP - 938
EP - 945
JO - Journal of Wildlife Diseases
JF - Journal of Wildlife Diseases
SN - 0090-3558
IS - 4
ER -