TY - GEN
T1 - Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOS)
T2 - Structure, Function, and Enzyme-Catalyzed Synthesis
AU - Chen, Xi
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - The important roles played by human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), the third major component of human milk, in the health of breast-fed infants have been increasingly recognized, as the structures of more than 100 different HMOS have now been elucidated. Despite the recognition of the various functions of HMOS as prebiotics, antiadhesive antimicrobials, and immunomodulators, the roles and the applications of individual HMOS species are less clear. This is mainly due to the limited accessibility to large amounts of individual HMOS in their pure forms. Current advances in the development of enzymatic, chemoenzymatic, whole-cell, and living-cell systems allow for the production of a growing number of HMOS in increasing amounts. This effort will greatly facilitate the elucidation of the important roles of HMOS and allow exploration into the applications of HMOS both as individual compounds and as mixtures of defined structures with desired functions. The structures, functions, and enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of HMOS are briefly surveyed to provide a general picture about the current progress on these aspects. Future efforts should be devoted to elucidating the structures of more complex HMOS, synthesizing more complex HMOS including those with branched structures, and developing HMOS-based or HMOS-inspired prebiotics, additives, and therapeutics.
AB - The important roles played by human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), the third major component of human milk, in the health of breast-fed infants have been increasingly recognized, as the structures of more than 100 different HMOS have now been elucidated. Despite the recognition of the various functions of HMOS as prebiotics, antiadhesive antimicrobials, and immunomodulators, the roles and the applications of individual HMOS species are less clear. This is mainly due to the limited accessibility to large amounts of individual HMOS in their pure forms. Current advances in the development of enzymatic, chemoenzymatic, whole-cell, and living-cell systems allow for the production of a growing number of HMOS in increasing amounts. This effort will greatly facilitate the elucidation of the important roles of HMOS and allow exploration into the applications of HMOS both as individual compounds and as mixtures of defined structures with desired functions. The structures, functions, and enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of HMOS are briefly surveyed to provide a general picture about the current progress on these aspects. Future efforts should be devoted to elucidating the structures of more complex HMOS, synthesizing more complex HMOS including those with branched structures, and developing HMOS-based or HMOS-inspired prebiotics, additives, and therapeutics.
KW - Antiadhesive
KW - Antimicrobial
KW - Function
KW - Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS)
KW - Immunomodulator
KW - Prebiotic
KW - Structure
KW - Synthesis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84951118700&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84951118700&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/bs.accb.2015.08.002
DO - 10.1016/bs.accb.2015.08.002
M3 - Conference contribution
SN - 9780128021415
VL - 72
T3 - Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry
SP - 113
EP - 190
BT - Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry
PB - Academic Press Inc.
ER -