Abstract
Garlic has long been used as a folk medicine. Numerous studies have demonstrated that a garlic extract and its sulfur-containing compounds inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation induced by various receptor agonists including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in sensing diverse microbial products and inducing innate immune responses. The dimerization of TLR4 is required for the activation of downstream signaling pathways, including NF-κB. Therefore, TLR4 dimerization may be one of the first lines of regulation in activating LPS-induced signaling pathways. We report here biochemical evidence that the ethyl acetate fraction of garlic inhibited the LPS-induced dimerization of TLR4, resulting in the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Our results demonstrate for the first time that a garlic extract can directly inhibit the TLRs-mediated signaling pathway at the receptor level. These results shed a new insight into understanding how garlic modulates the immune responses that could modify the risk of many chronic diseases.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 368-375 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry |
| Volume | 72 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2008 |
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Keywords
- Cyclooxygenase
- Garlic
- Nitric oxide synthase
- Toll-like receptor
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Bioengineering
- Biotechnology
- Biochemistry
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Chemistry (miscellaneous)
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
- Food Science
Cite this
Garlic (Allium sativum) extract inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced toll-like receptor 4 dimerization. / Youn, Hyung Sun; Lim, Hyo Jin; Lee, Hwa Jin; Hwang, Daniel; Yang, Mihi; Jeon, Raok; Ryu, Jae Ha.
In: Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Vol. 72, No. 2, 2008, p. 368-375.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Garlic (Allium sativum) extract inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced toll-like receptor 4 dimerization
AU - Youn, Hyung Sun
AU - Lim, Hyo Jin
AU - Lee, Hwa Jin
AU - Hwang, Daniel
AU - Yang, Mihi
AU - Jeon, Raok
AU - Ryu, Jae Ha
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Garlic has long been used as a folk medicine. Numerous studies have demonstrated that a garlic extract and its sulfur-containing compounds inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation induced by various receptor agonists including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in sensing diverse microbial products and inducing innate immune responses. The dimerization of TLR4 is required for the activation of downstream signaling pathways, including NF-κB. Therefore, TLR4 dimerization may be one of the first lines of regulation in activating LPS-induced signaling pathways. We report here biochemical evidence that the ethyl acetate fraction of garlic inhibited the LPS-induced dimerization of TLR4, resulting in the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Our results demonstrate for the first time that a garlic extract can directly inhibit the TLRs-mediated signaling pathway at the receptor level. These results shed a new insight into understanding how garlic modulates the immune responses that could modify the risk of many chronic diseases.
AB - Garlic has long been used as a folk medicine. Numerous studies have demonstrated that a garlic extract and its sulfur-containing compounds inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation induced by various receptor agonists including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in sensing diverse microbial products and inducing innate immune responses. The dimerization of TLR4 is required for the activation of downstream signaling pathways, including NF-κB. Therefore, TLR4 dimerization may be one of the first lines of regulation in activating LPS-induced signaling pathways. We report here biochemical evidence that the ethyl acetate fraction of garlic inhibited the LPS-induced dimerization of TLR4, resulting in the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Our results demonstrate for the first time that a garlic extract can directly inhibit the TLRs-mediated signaling pathway at the receptor level. These results shed a new insight into understanding how garlic modulates the immune responses that could modify the risk of many chronic diseases.
KW - Cyclooxygenase
KW - Garlic
KW - Nitric oxide synthase
KW - Toll-like receptor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=40449120671&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=40449120671&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1271/bbb.70434
DO - 10.1271/bbb.70434
M3 - Article
C2 - 18256479
AN - SCOPUS:40449120671
VL - 72
SP - 368
EP - 375
JO - Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry
JF - Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry
SN - 0916-8451
IS - 2
ER -