Abstract
Background: High dietary phosphorus (P) and low calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) are associated with kidney damage in cats. There are no established guidelines for dietary P maximum for cats. Objectives: To quantify crude protein, P, Ca, and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in cat foods and compare among food formats (dry, canned, raw), primary protein ingredients, protein concentrations (low, moderate, high), grain-free versus grain-containing foods, foods intended for adult maintenance versus all life stages, and cost. Samples: Eighty-two commercial nonprescription cat foods. Methods: Descriptive study. Mineral concentrations were measured using inductively coupled argon plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Crude protein was measured using the Dumas nitrogen combustion method. Mineral and crude protein concentrations were compared among food categories. Results: Twenty-seven foods contained ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal metabolizable energy (ME), of which 7 exceeded 4.8 g/1000 kcal ME. Thirteen foods had low Ca:P ratio (≤1.0). The low-protein diet group had no products ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME, which was significantly different compared to the high-protein diet group (52% of products had ≥3.6 g P/1000 kcal ME; P =.01). No significant differences in P content and Ca:P ratio were found among other diet categories. Canned foods had significantly lower Mg compared to dry (P <.001) and raw (P =.007) foods. Declared minimum P and Ca were significantly lower than analyzed concentrations (P =.0005 and P =.003, respectively). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The high number of foods with high P and low Ca suggest that pet food regulatory reform should be considered.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 266-273 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
Volume | 34 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 1 2020 |
Keywords
- adult
- calcium
- commercial
- diets
- feline
- foods
- phosphorus
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)