Abstract
Estrogen loss and aging are inexorably linked. 17β-Estradiol (E2) can protect the heart from injury, but its effects are reduced in aging. Aging and estrogen loss contribute to a pro-inflammatory state and a decreased ability to handle ROS. This is further complicated by loss of the protective heat shock response with aging. E2 has many protective properties, including reducing cardiac injury and protecting the mitochondria, but the confounding effects of aging have not been well studied. E2 has a positive impact on pathologic cardiac hypertrophy and there are distinct differences in the roles of ERα and ERβ in hypertrophy, but whether this persists with aging is unknown. Clinically, postmenopausal women have an acceleration of atherosclerosis. Unexpectedly, double-blind randomized clinical trials of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) showed increased cardiovascular events and cancer with HRT. However HRT was initiated on average 10 years postmenopause and this likely contributed to the increase in cardiovascular events. Although our understanding of estrogen has come far over the last 20 years, much more basic research is needed to understand the consequences of aging and estrogen loss.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Integrative Biology of Women's Health |
| Publisher | Springer New York |
| Pages | 157-174 |
| Number of pages | 18 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781461486305, 1461486297, 9781461486299 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 1 2013 |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- Aging
- Cytokines
- Gene expression
- Heat shock proteins
- Mitochondria
- ROS (reactive oxygen species)
- SERMs
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Estrogen, cardiac protection and aging. / Knowlton, Anne A.
Integrative Biology of Women's Health. Springer New York, 2013. p. 157-174.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Estrogen, cardiac protection and aging
AU - Knowlton, Anne A
PY - 2013/12/1
Y1 - 2013/12/1
N2 - Estrogen loss and aging are inexorably linked. 17β-Estradiol (E2) can protect the heart from injury, but its effects are reduced in aging. Aging and estrogen loss contribute to a pro-inflammatory state and a decreased ability to handle ROS. This is further complicated by loss of the protective heat shock response with aging. E2 has many protective properties, including reducing cardiac injury and protecting the mitochondria, but the confounding effects of aging have not been well studied. E2 has a positive impact on pathologic cardiac hypertrophy and there are distinct differences in the roles of ERα and ERβ in hypertrophy, but whether this persists with aging is unknown. Clinically, postmenopausal women have an acceleration of atherosclerosis. Unexpectedly, double-blind randomized clinical trials of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) showed increased cardiovascular events and cancer with HRT. However HRT was initiated on average 10 years postmenopause and this likely contributed to the increase in cardiovascular events. Although our understanding of estrogen has come far over the last 20 years, much more basic research is needed to understand the consequences of aging and estrogen loss.
AB - Estrogen loss and aging are inexorably linked. 17β-Estradiol (E2) can protect the heart from injury, but its effects are reduced in aging. Aging and estrogen loss contribute to a pro-inflammatory state and a decreased ability to handle ROS. This is further complicated by loss of the protective heat shock response with aging. E2 has many protective properties, including reducing cardiac injury and protecting the mitochondria, but the confounding effects of aging have not been well studied. E2 has a positive impact on pathologic cardiac hypertrophy and there are distinct differences in the roles of ERα and ERβ in hypertrophy, but whether this persists with aging is unknown. Clinically, postmenopausal women have an acceleration of atherosclerosis. Unexpectedly, double-blind randomized clinical trials of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) showed increased cardiovascular events and cancer with HRT. However HRT was initiated on average 10 years postmenopause and this likely contributed to the increase in cardiovascular events. Although our understanding of estrogen has come far over the last 20 years, much more basic research is needed to understand the consequences of aging and estrogen loss.
KW - Aging
KW - Cytokines
KW - Gene expression
KW - Heat shock proteins
KW - Mitochondria
KW - ROS (reactive oxygen species)
KW - SERMs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84930167375&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84930167375&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4614-8630-5_9
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4614-8630-5_9
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84930167375
SN - 9781461486305
SN - 1461486297
SN - 9781461486299
SP - 157
EP - 174
BT - Integrative Biology of Women's Health
PB - Springer New York
ER -