Abstract
Influenza continues to be one of the most important diseases of horses despite the availability and widespread use of equine influenza vaccines for almost 30 years. In recent years, infection with the influenza A/equine/2 subtype has become endemic in the equine populations of North America, Europe, and Scandinavia. Continued antigenic drift of field virus has compromised the efficacy of vaccines, most of which contain antigens prepared from influenza viruses isolated more than 10 years ago. This article reviews the history, virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of influenza in horses and emphasizes recent developments in diagnostic methods and vaccine technology.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 257-282 |
| Number of pages | 26 |
| Journal | The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| State | Published - Aug 1993 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)
Cite this
Equine influenza. / Wilson, William D.
In: The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice, Vol. 9, No. 2, 08.1993, p. 257-282.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Equine influenza.
AU - Wilson, William D
PY - 1993/8
Y1 - 1993/8
N2 - Influenza continues to be one of the most important diseases of horses despite the availability and widespread use of equine influenza vaccines for almost 30 years. In recent years, infection with the influenza A/equine/2 subtype has become endemic in the equine populations of North America, Europe, and Scandinavia. Continued antigenic drift of field virus has compromised the efficacy of vaccines, most of which contain antigens prepared from influenza viruses isolated more than 10 years ago. This article reviews the history, virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of influenza in horses and emphasizes recent developments in diagnostic methods and vaccine technology.
AB - Influenza continues to be one of the most important diseases of horses despite the availability and widespread use of equine influenza vaccines for almost 30 years. In recent years, infection with the influenza A/equine/2 subtype has become endemic in the equine populations of North America, Europe, and Scandinavia. Continued antigenic drift of field virus has compromised the efficacy of vaccines, most of which contain antigens prepared from influenza viruses isolated more than 10 years ago. This article reviews the history, virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of influenza in horses and emphasizes recent developments in diagnostic methods and vaccine technology.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0027651525&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0027651525&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Review article
C2 - 8358645
AN - SCOPUS:0027651525
VL - 9
SP - 257
EP - 282
JO - Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
JF - Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
SN - 0749-0739
IS - 2
ER -