Abstract
Studies with a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected fetal monkey model were conducted with a focus on fetal growth and viral pathogenesis. Twenty-six fetuses were inoculated in utero via ultrasound guidance with an uncloned pathogenic strain of SIV or vehicle during the second or third trimesters [gestational day (GD) 65, 110, or 1301, sonographically monitored weekly (biometrics, blood flow), then necropsied at incremental time points postinfection. Peripheral blood hematologic (complete blood counts, clinical chemistries), immunologic (immunophenotyping), and endocrine studies [insulin-like growth factor (IGF), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)] were conducted. Severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), oligohydramnios, and altered lymphocyte counts were noted for fetuses infected on GD 65. Less severe effects were detected for fetuses inoculated at the later time points, with severity dependent upon the length of SIV infection in utero. IGF studies indicated significant reductions in IGF-I and elevated immunoreactive levels of IGFBP-3 in infected fetuses during the third trimester. Parallel studies conducted with four fetuses infected on GD 65 with a nonpathogenic, molecularly cloned virus (SIVmac1A11) resulted in normal fetal growth, with no effects on hematopoiesis or IGF/IGFBP levels, and no evidence of clinical disease. Taken together, these studies show that (1) infection of fetuses during the early second trimester with an uncloned pathogenic strain of SIV results in severe IUGR and a disruption in the molar ratio of IGF:IGFBP-3, and (2) outcome of fetal SIV infection is determined by the timing of infection and the virulence of the viral inoculum.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 129-138 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| State | Published - 1995 |
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Keywords
- Fetal growth
- Insulin-like growth factor
- Monkey
- SIV
- Viral virulence
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Virology
- Immunology and Allergy
Cite this
Effects of viral virulence on intrauterine growth in SIV-infected fetal rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). / Tarantal, Alice F; Marthas, Marta; Gargosky, S. E.; Otysula, M.; McChesney, M. B.; Miller, Chris J; Hendrickx, Andrew G.
In: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1995, p. 129-138.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of viral virulence on intrauterine growth in SIV-infected fetal rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
AU - Tarantal, Alice F
AU - Marthas, Marta
AU - Gargosky, S. E.
AU - Otysula, M.
AU - McChesney, M. B.
AU - Miller, Chris J
AU - Hendrickx, Andrew G
PY - 1995
Y1 - 1995
N2 - Studies with a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected fetal monkey model were conducted with a focus on fetal growth and viral pathogenesis. Twenty-six fetuses were inoculated in utero via ultrasound guidance with an uncloned pathogenic strain of SIV or vehicle during the second or third trimesters [gestational day (GD) 65, 110, or 1301, sonographically monitored weekly (biometrics, blood flow), then necropsied at incremental time points postinfection. Peripheral blood hematologic (complete blood counts, clinical chemistries), immunologic (immunophenotyping), and endocrine studies [insulin-like growth factor (IGF), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)] were conducted. Severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), oligohydramnios, and altered lymphocyte counts were noted for fetuses infected on GD 65. Less severe effects were detected for fetuses inoculated at the later time points, with severity dependent upon the length of SIV infection in utero. IGF studies indicated significant reductions in IGF-I and elevated immunoreactive levels of IGFBP-3 in infected fetuses during the third trimester. Parallel studies conducted with four fetuses infected on GD 65 with a nonpathogenic, molecularly cloned virus (SIVmac1A11) resulted in normal fetal growth, with no effects on hematopoiesis or IGF/IGFBP levels, and no evidence of clinical disease. Taken together, these studies show that (1) infection of fetuses during the early second trimester with an uncloned pathogenic strain of SIV results in severe IUGR and a disruption in the molar ratio of IGF:IGFBP-3, and (2) outcome of fetal SIV infection is determined by the timing of infection and the virulence of the viral inoculum.
AB - Studies with a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected fetal monkey model were conducted with a focus on fetal growth and viral pathogenesis. Twenty-six fetuses were inoculated in utero via ultrasound guidance with an uncloned pathogenic strain of SIV or vehicle during the second or third trimesters [gestational day (GD) 65, 110, or 1301, sonographically monitored weekly (biometrics, blood flow), then necropsied at incremental time points postinfection. Peripheral blood hematologic (complete blood counts, clinical chemistries), immunologic (immunophenotyping), and endocrine studies [insulin-like growth factor (IGF), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP)] were conducted. Severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), oligohydramnios, and altered lymphocyte counts were noted for fetuses infected on GD 65. Less severe effects were detected for fetuses inoculated at the later time points, with severity dependent upon the length of SIV infection in utero. IGF studies indicated significant reductions in IGF-I and elevated immunoreactive levels of IGFBP-3 in infected fetuses during the third trimester. Parallel studies conducted with four fetuses infected on GD 65 with a nonpathogenic, molecularly cloned virus (SIVmac1A11) resulted in normal fetal growth, with no effects on hematopoiesis or IGF/IGFBP levels, and no evidence of clinical disease. Taken together, these studies show that (1) infection of fetuses during the early second trimester with an uncloned pathogenic strain of SIV results in severe IUGR and a disruption in the molar ratio of IGF:IGFBP-3, and (2) outcome of fetal SIV infection is determined by the timing of infection and the virulence of the viral inoculum.
KW - Fetal growth
KW - Insulin-like growth factor
KW - Monkey
KW - SIV
KW - Viral virulence
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0029164738&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0029164738&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 7552476
AN - SCOPUS:0029164738
VL - 10
SP - 129
EP - 138
JO - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
JF - Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
SN - 1525-4135
IS - 2
ER -