TY - JOUR
T1 - Defining spino-pelvic alignment thresholds should operative goals in adult spinal deformity surgery account for age?
AU - Lafage, Renaud
AU - Schwab, Frank
AU - Challier, Vincent
AU - Henry, Jensen K.
AU - Gum, Jeffrey
AU - Smith, Justin
AU - Hostin, Richard
AU - Shaffrey, Christopher
AU - Kim, Han J.
AU - Ames, Christopher
AU - Scheer, Justin
AU - Klineberg, Eric Otto
AU - Bess, Shay
AU - Burton, Douglas
AU - Lafage, Virginie
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Study Design. Retrospective review of prospective, multicenter database. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine age-specific spino-pelvic parameters, to extrapolate age-specific Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values from published Short Form (SF)-36 Physical Component Score (PCS) data, and to propose agespecific realignment thresholds for adult spinal deformity (ASD). Summary of Background Data. The Scoliosis Research Society-Schwab classification offers a framework for defining alignment in patients with ASD. Although age-specific changes in spinal alignment and patient-reported outcomes have been established in the literature, their relationship in the setting of ASD operative realignment has not been reported. Methods. ASD patients who received operative or nonoperative treatment were consecutively enrolled. Patients were stratified by age, consistent with published US-normative values (Norms) of the SF-36 PCS (<35, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, >75 y old). At baseline, relationships between between radiographic spino-pelvic parameters (lumbar-pelvic mismatch [PILL], pelvic tilt [PT], sagittal vertical axis [SVA], and T1 pelvic angle [TPA]), age, and PCS were established using linear regression analysis; normative PCS values were then used to establish age-specific targets. Correlation analysis with ODI and PCS was used to determine age-specific ideal alignment. Results. Baseline analysis included 773 patients (53.7 y old, 54% operative, 83% female). There was a strong correlation between ODI and PCS (r = 0.814, P<0.001), allowing for the extrapolation of US-normative ODI by age group. Linear regression analysis (all with r > 0.510, P<0.001) combined with US-normative PCS values demonstrated that ideal spinopelvic values increased with age, ranging from PT=10.9 degrees, PI-LL=-10.5 degrees, and SVA=4.1mm for patients under 35 years to PT=28.5 degrees, PI-LL=16.7 degrees, and SVA=78.1mm for patients over 75 years. Clinically, older patients had greater compensation, more degenerative loss of lordosis, and were more pitched forward. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that sagittal spino-pelvic alignment varies with age. Thus, operative realignment targets should account for age, with younger patients requiring more rigorous alignment objectives.
AB - Study Design. Retrospective review of prospective, multicenter database. Objective. The aim of the study was to determine age-specific spino-pelvic parameters, to extrapolate age-specific Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values from published Short Form (SF)-36 Physical Component Score (PCS) data, and to propose agespecific realignment thresholds for adult spinal deformity (ASD). Summary of Background Data. The Scoliosis Research Society-Schwab classification offers a framework for defining alignment in patients with ASD. Although age-specific changes in spinal alignment and patient-reported outcomes have been established in the literature, their relationship in the setting of ASD operative realignment has not been reported. Methods. ASD patients who received operative or nonoperative treatment were consecutively enrolled. Patients were stratified by age, consistent with published US-normative values (Norms) of the SF-36 PCS (<35, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, >75 y old). At baseline, relationships between between radiographic spino-pelvic parameters (lumbar-pelvic mismatch [PILL], pelvic tilt [PT], sagittal vertical axis [SVA], and T1 pelvic angle [TPA]), age, and PCS were established using linear regression analysis; normative PCS values were then used to establish age-specific targets. Correlation analysis with ODI and PCS was used to determine age-specific ideal alignment. Results. Baseline analysis included 773 patients (53.7 y old, 54% operative, 83% female). There was a strong correlation between ODI and PCS (r = 0.814, P<0.001), allowing for the extrapolation of US-normative ODI by age group. Linear regression analysis (all with r > 0.510, P<0.001) combined with US-normative PCS values demonstrated that ideal spinopelvic values increased with age, ranging from PT=10.9 degrees, PI-LL=-10.5 degrees, and SVA=4.1mm for patients under 35 years to PT=28.5 degrees, PI-LL=16.7 degrees, and SVA=78.1mm for patients over 75 years. Clinically, older patients had greater compensation, more degenerative loss of lordosis, and were more pitched forward. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that sagittal spino-pelvic alignment varies with age. Thus, operative realignment targets should account for age, with younger patients requiring more rigorous alignment objectives.
KW - Adult spinal deformity
KW - Age
KW - Age-specific
KW - Elderly
KW - Health-Related Quality of Life
KW - Oswestry Disability Index
KW - Realignment
KW - Sagittal alignment
KW - Sagittal balance
KW - Sagittal malalignment
KW - SF-36
KW - Spino-pelvic alignment
KW - Threshold
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84952922580&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84952922580&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001171
DO - 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001171
M3 - Article
C2 - 26689395
AN - SCOPUS:84952922580
VL - 41
SP - 62
EP - 68
JO - Spine
JF - Spine
SN - 0362-2436
IS - 1
ER -