Abstract
Background: Concord grape juice (CGJ) is a rich source of flavonoids, which have greater antioxidant efficacy in vitro than does α-tocopherol; however, the efficacies of flavonoids and α-tocopherol in vivo have not been compared. Objective: We compared the in vivo antioxidant efficacy of CGJ with that of α-tocopherol in healthy adults. Design: Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 400 IU RRR-α-tocopherol/d (n = 17) or 10 mL CGJ · kg-1 · d-1 (n = 15) for 2 wk. Serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity, plasma protein carbonyls, urinary F2-isoprostanes, and resistance of LDL to ex vivo oxidation were measured before and after supplementation as markers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress. Results: After supplementation, plasma α-tocopherol increased 92% in subjects who received α-tocopherol (P < 0.001); plasma total and conjugated phenols increased 17% (P < 0.01) and 22% (P < 0.001), respectively, in subjects who received CGJ. There was a significant change in plasma triacylglycerols in both groups, but the concentrations were within the normal range. CGJ supplementation was associated with significantly higher triacylglycerols than was α-tocopherol supplementation. Both supplementation regimens significantly increased serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity (P < 0.001) and LDL lag time (P < 0.001) and significantly decreased the LDL oxidation rate (P < 0.01), with no significant difference in effectiveness. Protein carbonyl concentrations in native plasma decreased 20% after CGJ supplementation, which was a significantly different response than that after α-tocopherol supplementation (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In healthy adults, 10 mL CGJ · kg-1 · d-1 increased serum antioxidant capacity and protected LDL against oxidation to an extent similar to that obtained with 400 IU α-tocopherol/d but decreased native plasma protein oxidation significantly more than did α-tocopherol. CGJ flavonoids are potent antioxidants that may protect against oxidative stress and reduce the risk of free radical damage and chronic diseases.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1367-1374 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |
| Volume | 76 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| State | Published - Dec 1 2002 |
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Keywords
- α-tocopherol
- Antioxidant
- Flavonoids
- Grape juice
- LDL oxidation
- Oxygen radical absorbance capacity
- Protein carbonyls
- Urinary F-isoprostanes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Food Science
Cite this
Comparison of the antioxidant effects of Concord grape juice flavonoids and α-tocopherol on markers of oxidative stress in healthy adults. / O'Byrne, Dawn J.; Devaraj, Sridevi; Grundy, Scott M.; Jialal, Ishwarlal.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 76, No. 6, 01.12.2002, p. 1367-1374.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of the antioxidant effects of Concord grape juice flavonoids and α-tocopherol on markers of oxidative stress in healthy adults
AU - O'Byrne, Dawn J.
AU - Devaraj, Sridevi
AU - Grundy, Scott M.
AU - Jialal, Ishwarlal
PY - 2002/12/1
Y1 - 2002/12/1
N2 - Background: Concord grape juice (CGJ) is a rich source of flavonoids, which have greater antioxidant efficacy in vitro than does α-tocopherol; however, the efficacies of flavonoids and α-tocopherol in vivo have not been compared. Objective: We compared the in vivo antioxidant efficacy of CGJ with that of α-tocopherol in healthy adults. Design: Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 400 IU RRR-α-tocopherol/d (n = 17) or 10 mL CGJ · kg-1 · d-1 (n = 15) for 2 wk. Serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity, plasma protein carbonyls, urinary F2-isoprostanes, and resistance of LDL to ex vivo oxidation were measured before and after supplementation as markers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress. Results: After supplementation, plasma α-tocopherol increased 92% in subjects who received α-tocopherol (P < 0.001); plasma total and conjugated phenols increased 17% (P < 0.01) and 22% (P < 0.001), respectively, in subjects who received CGJ. There was a significant change in plasma triacylglycerols in both groups, but the concentrations were within the normal range. CGJ supplementation was associated with significantly higher triacylglycerols than was α-tocopherol supplementation. Both supplementation regimens significantly increased serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity (P < 0.001) and LDL lag time (P < 0.001) and significantly decreased the LDL oxidation rate (P < 0.01), with no significant difference in effectiveness. Protein carbonyl concentrations in native plasma decreased 20% after CGJ supplementation, which was a significantly different response than that after α-tocopherol supplementation (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In healthy adults, 10 mL CGJ · kg-1 · d-1 increased serum antioxidant capacity and protected LDL against oxidation to an extent similar to that obtained with 400 IU α-tocopherol/d but decreased native plasma protein oxidation significantly more than did α-tocopherol. CGJ flavonoids are potent antioxidants that may protect against oxidative stress and reduce the risk of free radical damage and chronic diseases.
AB - Background: Concord grape juice (CGJ) is a rich source of flavonoids, which have greater antioxidant efficacy in vitro than does α-tocopherol; however, the efficacies of flavonoids and α-tocopherol in vivo have not been compared. Objective: We compared the in vivo antioxidant efficacy of CGJ with that of α-tocopherol in healthy adults. Design: Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 400 IU RRR-α-tocopherol/d (n = 17) or 10 mL CGJ · kg-1 · d-1 (n = 15) for 2 wk. Serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity, plasma protein carbonyls, urinary F2-isoprostanes, and resistance of LDL to ex vivo oxidation were measured before and after supplementation as markers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress. Results: After supplementation, plasma α-tocopherol increased 92% in subjects who received α-tocopherol (P < 0.001); plasma total and conjugated phenols increased 17% (P < 0.01) and 22% (P < 0.001), respectively, in subjects who received CGJ. There was a significant change in plasma triacylglycerols in both groups, but the concentrations were within the normal range. CGJ supplementation was associated with significantly higher triacylglycerols than was α-tocopherol supplementation. Both supplementation regimens significantly increased serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity (P < 0.001) and LDL lag time (P < 0.001) and significantly decreased the LDL oxidation rate (P < 0.01), with no significant difference in effectiveness. Protein carbonyl concentrations in native plasma decreased 20% after CGJ supplementation, which was a significantly different response than that after α-tocopherol supplementation (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In healthy adults, 10 mL CGJ · kg-1 · d-1 increased serum antioxidant capacity and protected LDL against oxidation to an extent similar to that obtained with 400 IU α-tocopherol/d but decreased native plasma protein oxidation significantly more than did α-tocopherol. CGJ flavonoids are potent antioxidants that may protect against oxidative stress and reduce the risk of free radical damage and chronic diseases.
KW - α-tocopherol
KW - Antioxidant
KW - Flavonoids
KW - Grape juice
KW - LDL oxidation
KW - Oxygen radical absorbance capacity
KW - Protein carbonyls
KW - Urinary F-isoprostanes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0036894497&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0036894497&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
VL - 76
SP - 1367
EP - 1374
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
SN - 0002-9165
IS - 6
ER -