Abstract
Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection occurred in captive leopards (Panthera pardus), tigers (Panthera tigris), lions (Panthera leo), and a jaguar (Panthera onca) in 1991 and 1992. An epizootic affected all 4 types of cats at the Wildlife Waystation, San Fernando, California, with 17 mortalities. CDV-infected raccoons were thought to be the source of infection in these cats. Two black leopards died at the Naibi Zoo, Coal Valley, Illinois, and 2 tigers died at the Shambala Preserve, Acton, California. Initial clinical signs were anorexia with gastrointestinal and/or respiratory disease followed by seizures. Canine distemper virus was isolated from 3 leopards, 3 tigers, and 3 lions that died or were euthanized when moribund. Monoclonal antibody testing identified the virus isolates as CDV. Gross and histopathologic findings were similar to those found in canids with distemper with a few exceptions. There were fewer lesions in the brain, and there was a pronounced type 2 cell proliferation in the lung, with inclusion bodies and CDV antigen demonstrated by immunohistology. Neutralizing antibody to CDV was found in high titers in serum from most animals but was absent or was found only in low titers in some cats that succumbed after CDV infection. There was a marked difference in neutralizing antibody titers when tests were done with different strains of CDV.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 277-288 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 1994 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- veterinary(all)
Cite this
Canine distemper epizootic in lions, tigers, and leopards in North America. / Appel, Max J.G.; Barr, Margaret; Pearce-Kelling, Susan; Summers, Brian A.; Yates, Rebecca A.; Santinelli, Silvio; Foley, George L.; Bernstein, Jon J.; Spelman, Lucy H.; Miller, Lyle D.; Arp, Lawrence H.; Anderson, Mark L.
In: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, Vol. 6, No. 3, 01.01.1994, p. 277-288.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Canine distemper epizootic in lions, tigers, and leopards in North America
AU - Appel, Max J.G.
AU - Barr, Margaret
AU - Pearce-Kelling, Susan
AU - Summers, Brian A.
AU - Yates, Rebecca A.
AU - Santinelli, Silvio
AU - Foley, George L.
AU - Bernstein, Jon J.
AU - Spelman, Lucy H.
AU - Miller, Lyle D.
AU - Arp, Lawrence H.
AU - Anderson, Mark L
PY - 1994/1/1
Y1 - 1994/1/1
N2 - Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection occurred in captive leopards (Panthera pardus), tigers (Panthera tigris), lions (Panthera leo), and a jaguar (Panthera onca) in 1991 and 1992. An epizootic affected all 4 types of cats at the Wildlife Waystation, San Fernando, California, with 17 mortalities. CDV-infected raccoons were thought to be the source of infection in these cats. Two black leopards died at the Naibi Zoo, Coal Valley, Illinois, and 2 tigers died at the Shambala Preserve, Acton, California. Initial clinical signs were anorexia with gastrointestinal and/or respiratory disease followed by seizures. Canine distemper virus was isolated from 3 leopards, 3 tigers, and 3 lions that died or were euthanized when moribund. Monoclonal antibody testing identified the virus isolates as CDV. Gross and histopathologic findings were similar to those found in canids with distemper with a few exceptions. There were fewer lesions in the brain, and there was a pronounced type 2 cell proliferation in the lung, with inclusion bodies and CDV antigen demonstrated by immunohistology. Neutralizing antibody to CDV was found in high titers in serum from most animals but was absent or was found only in low titers in some cats that succumbed after CDV infection. There was a marked difference in neutralizing antibody titers when tests were done with different strains of CDV.
AB - Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection occurred in captive leopards (Panthera pardus), tigers (Panthera tigris), lions (Panthera leo), and a jaguar (Panthera onca) in 1991 and 1992. An epizootic affected all 4 types of cats at the Wildlife Waystation, San Fernando, California, with 17 mortalities. CDV-infected raccoons were thought to be the source of infection in these cats. Two black leopards died at the Naibi Zoo, Coal Valley, Illinois, and 2 tigers died at the Shambala Preserve, Acton, California. Initial clinical signs were anorexia with gastrointestinal and/or respiratory disease followed by seizures. Canine distemper virus was isolated from 3 leopards, 3 tigers, and 3 lions that died or were euthanized when moribund. Monoclonal antibody testing identified the virus isolates as CDV. Gross and histopathologic findings were similar to those found in canids with distemper with a few exceptions. There were fewer lesions in the brain, and there was a pronounced type 2 cell proliferation in the lung, with inclusion bodies and CDV antigen demonstrated by immunohistology. Neutralizing antibody to CDV was found in high titers in serum from most animals but was absent or was found only in low titers in some cats that succumbed after CDV infection. There was a marked difference in neutralizing antibody titers when tests were done with different strains of CDV.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0028471098&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0028471098&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/104063879400600301
DO - 10.1177/104063879400600301
M3 - Article
C2 - 7948195
AN - SCOPUS:0028471098
VL - 6
SP - 277
EP - 288
JO - Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
JF - Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
SN - 1040-6387
IS - 3
ER -