Abstract
Brain activation associated with reading was investigated in ten normal Japanese volunteers (five highly literate in both Japanese and English) and ten American native English speakers (five highly literate in both English and Japanese) in order to determine the neuroanatomic substrates employed in reading the first language (L1), and to determine the effect of L1 on the neurosubstrates involved in reading the second language (L2). The study was performed using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on a high-field (3.0T) system specifically optimized for fMRI. The activation patterns in Japanese subjects reading Japanese (L1) were substantially different from the patterns obtained in American subjects reading English text (L1). The activation patterns reading L2 were virtually identical to the patterns seen when reading L1 in both Japanese and English natives highly literate in both language systems. The results demonstrated that the neuroanatomical substrates underlying the cognitive processing of reading are differentially determined based on the language system. The study further indicates that the cognitive processes for reading in the second language involve the same cortical structures employed for the first language, supporting the hypothesis that the second language represents the cognitive extension of the first language.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 351-358 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Neuroscience Research |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2001 |
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Keywords
- BOLD
- English
- fMRI
- High field
- Japanese
- Language
- Literacy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Neuroscience(all)
Cite this
Brain strategies for reading in the second language are determined by the first language. / Nakada, Tsutomu; Fujii, Yukihiko; Kwee, Ingrid.
In: Neuroscience Research, Vol. 40, No. 4, 2001, p. 351-358.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Brain strategies for reading in the second language are determined by the first language
AU - Nakada, Tsutomu
AU - Fujii, Yukihiko
AU - Kwee, Ingrid
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Brain activation associated with reading was investigated in ten normal Japanese volunteers (five highly literate in both Japanese and English) and ten American native English speakers (five highly literate in both English and Japanese) in order to determine the neuroanatomic substrates employed in reading the first language (L1), and to determine the effect of L1 on the neurosubstrates involved in reading the second language (L2). The study was performed using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on a high-field (3.0T) system specifically optimized for fMRI. The activation patterns in Japanese subjects reading Japanese (L1) were substantially different from the patterns obtained in American subjects reading English text (L1). The activation patterns reading L2 were virtually identical to the patterns seen when reading L1 in both Japanese and English natives highly literate in both language systems. The results demonstrated that the neuroanatomical substrates underlying the cognitive processing of reading are differentially determined based on the language system. The study further indicates that the cognitive processes for reading in the second language involve the same cortical structures employed for the first language, supporting the hypothesis that the second language represents the cognitive extension of the first language.
AB - Brain activation associated with reading was investigated in ten normal Japanese volunteers (five highly literate in both Japanese and English) and ten American native English speakers (five highly literate in both English and Japanese) in order to determine the neuroanatomic substrates employed in reading the first language (L1), and to determine the effect of L1 on the neurosubstrates involved in reading the second language (L2). The study was performed using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on a high-field (3.0T) system specifically optimized for fMRI. The activation patterns in Japanese subjects reading Japanese (L1) were substantially different from the patterns obtained in American subjects reading English text (L1). The activation patterns reading L2 were virtually identical to the patterns seen when reading L1 in both Japanese and English natives highly literate in both language systems. The results demonstrated that the neuroanatomical substrates underlying the cognitive processing of reading are differentially determined based on the language system. The study further indicates that the cognitive processes for reading in the second language involve the same cortical structures employed for the first language, supporting the hypothesis that the second language represents the cognitive extension of the first language.
KW - BOLD
KW - English
KW - fMRI
KW - High field
KW - Japanese
KW - Language
KW - Literacy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034901633&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0034901633&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0168-0102(01)00247-4
DO - 10.1016/S0168-0102(01)00247-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 11463481
AN - SCOPUS:0034901633
VL - 40
SP - 351
EP - 358
JO - Neuroscience Research
JF - Neuroscience Research
SN - 0168-0102
IS - 4
ER -