Abstract
Background: Distressed infants in the delivery room and those that have completed postnatal transition are both resuscitated according to established neonatal resuscitation guidelines, often with endotracheal (ET) epinephrine at the same dose. We hypothesized that ET epinephrine would have higher bioavailability in a post-transitional compared to transitioning newborn model due to absence of fetal lung liquid and intra-cardiac shunts. Methods: 15 term fetal (transitioning newborn) and 6 postnatal lambs were asphyxiated by umbilical cord and ET tube occlusion respectively. Lambs were resuscitated after 5 min of asystole. ET epinephrine (0.1 mg/kg) was administered after 1 min of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) and chest compressions, and repeated 3 min later, followed by intravenous (IV) epinephrine (0.03 mg/kg) every 3 min until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Serial plasma epinephrine concentrations were measured. Results: Peak plasma epinephrine concentrations were lower in transitioning newborns as compared to postnatal lambs: after a single ET dose (145.36 ± 135.5 ng/ml vs 553.54 ± 215 ng/ml, p < 0.01) and after two ET doses (443 ± 192.49 ng/ml vs 1406 ± 420.8 ng/ml, p < 0.01). The rates of ROSC with a single ET dose were similar in both groups (40% vs 50% in newborn and postnatal respectively, p > 0.99). There was a higher incidence of post-ROSC tachycardia and increased carotid blood flow in the postnatal group. Conclusions: In the postnatal period, ET epinephrine at currently recommended doses resulted in higher peak epinephrine concentrations, post-ROSC tachycardia and cerebral reperfusion without significant differences in incidence of ROSC. Further studies evaluating the optimal dose of ET epinephrine during the postnatal period are warranted.
| Language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages | 27-32 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Early Human Development |
| Volume | 130 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 1 2019 |
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Keywords
- Endotracheal epinephrine
- Epinephrine concentration
- Lung liquid
- Neonatal resuscitation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
Cite this
Bioavailability of endotracheal epinephrine in an ovine model of neonatal resuscitation. / Nair, Jayasree; Vali, Payam; Gugino, Sylvia F.; Koenigsknecht, Carmon; Helman, Justin; Nielsen, Lori C.; Chandrasekharan, Praveen; Rawat, Munmun; Berkelhamer, Sara; Mathew, Bobby; Lakshminrusimha, Satyanarayana.
In: Early Human Development, Vol. 130, 01.03.2019, p. 27-32.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Bioavailability of endotracheal epinephrine in an ovine model of neonatal resuscitation
AU - Nair, Jayasree
AU - Vali, Payam
AU - Gugino, Sylvia F.
AU - Koenigsknecht, Carmon
AU - Helman, Justin
AU - Nielsen, Lori C.
AU - Chandrasekharan, Praveen
AU - Rawat, Munmun
AU - Berkelhamer, Sara
AU - Mathew, Bobby
AU - Lakshminrusimha, Satyanarayana
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - Background: Distressed infants in the delivery room and those that have completed postnatal transition are both resuscitated according to established neonatal resuscitation guidelines, often with endotracheal (ET) epinephrine at the same dose. We hypothesized that ET epinephrine would have higher bioavailability in a post-transitional compared to transitioning newborn model due to absence of fetal lung liquid and intra-cardiac shunts. Methods: 15 term fetal (transitioning newborn) and 6 postnatal lambs were asphyxiated by umbilical cord and ET tube occlusion respectively. Lambs were resuscitated after 5 min of asystole. ET epinephrine (0.1 mg/kg) was administered after 1 min of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) and chest compressions, and repeated 3 min later, followed by intravenous (IV) epinephrine (0.03 mg/kg) every 3 min until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Serial plasma epinephrine concentrations were measured. Results: Peak plasma epinephrine concentrations were lower in transitioning newborns as compared to postnatal lambs: after a single ET dose (145.36 ± 135.5 ng/ml vs 553.54 ± 215 ng/ml, p < 0.01) and after two ET doses (443 ± 192.49 ng/ml vs 1406 ± 420.8 ng/ml, p < 0.01). The rates of ROSC with a single ET dose were similar in both groups (40% vs 50% in newborn and postnatal respectively, p > 0.99). There was a higher incidence of post-ROSC tachycardia and increased carotid blood flow in the postnatal group. Conclusions: In the postnatal period, ET epinephrine at currently recommended doses resulted in higher peak epinephrine concentrations, post-ROSC tachycardia and cerebral reperfusion without significant differences in incidence of ROSC. Further studies evaluating the optimal dose of ET epinephrine during the postnatal period are warranted.
AB - Background: Distressed infants in the delivery room and those that have completed postnatal transition are both resuscitated according to established neonatal resuscitation guidelines, often with endotracheal (ET) epinephrine at the same dose. We hypothesized that ET epinephrine would have higher bioavailability in a post-transitional compared to transitioning newborn model due to absence of fetal lung liquid and intra-cardiac shunts. Methods: 15 term fetal (transitioning newborn) and 6 postnatal lambs were asphyxiated by umbilical cord and ET tube occlusion respectively. Lambs were resuscitated after 5 min of asystole. ET epinephrine (0.1 mg/kg) was administered after 1 min of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) and chest compressions, and repeated 3 min later, followed by intravenous (IV) epinephrine (0.03 mg/kg) every 3 min until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Serial plasma epinephrine concentrations were measured. Results: Peak plasma epinephrine concentrations were lower in transitioning newborns as compared to postnatal lambs: after a single ET dose (145.36 ± 135.5 ng/ml vs 553.54 ± 215 ng/ml, p < 0.01) and after two ET doses (443 ± 192.49 ng/ml vs 1406 ± 420.8 ng/ml, p < 0.01). The rates of ROSC with a single ET dose were similar in both groups (40% vs 50% in newborn and postnatal respectively, p > 0.99). There was a higher incidence of post-ROSC tachycardia and increased carotid blood flow in the postnatal group. Conclusions: In the postnatal period, ET epinephrine at currently recommended doses resulted in higher peak epinephrine concentrations, post-ROSC tachycardia and cerebral reperfusion without significant differences in incidence of ROSC. Further studies evaluating the optimal dose of ET epinephrine during the postnatal period are warranted.
KW - Endotracheal epinephrine
KW - Epinephrine concentration
KW - Lung liquid
KW - Neonatal resuscitation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85059940168&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85059940168&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.01.006
DO - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.01.006
M3 - Article
VL - 130
SP - 27
EP - 32
JO - Early Human Development
T2 - Early Human Development
JF - Early Human Development
SN - 0378-3782
ER -