Abstract
Many polyphenolic compounds are poorly digested, and have low bioavailability due to their long chain lengths and chemical composition. A processed, flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract (FRLFE) that is higher in flavanol monomers, dimer and trimers than its unprocessed counterpart, was tested in a variety of models. First, mature visceral adipocytes were treated with 0, 3, 10 or 30 μg/mL FRLFE (day 6-8). Compared with the controls, the treated cells had lower triglyceride concentrations, less lipid accumulation and a smaller lipid droplet size. Adiponectin release was significantly greater in cells receiving 3 or 10 μg/mL FRLFE than in the controls. Second, rats given a single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significant increases in plasma (-)-epicatechin, 3′-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin, and (+)-catechin levels, peak values were at approximately 2 h and appreciable concentrations were still detected at 6 h. Rats supplemented daily for 1 week with 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significantly elevated metabolite concentrations. In response to an oxidative stress, erythrocyte membrane integrity was significantly improved in the 100 mg/kg FRLFE group. Third, 7-month-old mice fed a 200 mg/kg FRLFE diet for 10 months showed a significant decrease in glucose, triglyceride and lipid peroxide levels compared with mice fed a control diet. Collectively, these results support the concept that the flavanols present in FRLFE are well absorbed and bioactive.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1223-1228 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Phytotherapy Research |
| Volume | 24 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2010 |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- Antioxidant
- Flavanol
- Lipids
- Polyphenol
- Reactive oxygen species
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pharmacology
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Bioactivity of a flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract in adipocytes and its effects on oxidant defense and indices of metabolic syndrome in animal models. / Kalgaonkar, Swati; Nishioka, Hiroshi; Gross, Heidrun B.; Fujii, Hajime; Keen, Carl L; Hackman, Robert M.
In: Phytotherapy Research, Vol. 24, No. 8, 2010, p. 1223-1228.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Bioactivity of a flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract in adipocytes and its effects on oxidant defense and indices of metabolic syndrome in animal models
AU - Kalgaonkar, Swati
AU - Nishioka, Hiroshi
AU - Gross, Heidrun B.
AU - Fujii, Hajime
AU - Keen, Carl L
AU - Hackman, Robert M.
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Many polyphenolic compounds are poorly digested, and have low bioavailability due to their long chain lengths and chemical composition. A processed, flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract (FRLFE) that is higher in flavanol monomers, dimer and trimers than its unprocessed counterpart, was tested in a variety of models. First, mature visceral adipocytes were treated with 0, 3, 10 or 30 μg/mL FRLFE (day 6-8). Compared with the controls, the treated cells had lower triglyceride concentrations, less lipid accumulation and a smaller lipid droplet size. Adiponectin release was significantly greater in cells receiving 3 or 10 μg/mL FRLFE than in the controls. Second, rats given a single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significant increases in plasma (-)-epicatechin, 3′-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin, and (+)-catechin levels, peak values were at approximately 2 h and appreciable concentrations were still detected at 6 h. Rats supplemented daily for 1 week with 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significantly elevated metabolite concentrations. In response to an oxidative stress, erythrocyte membrane integrity was significantly improved in the 100 mg/kg FRLFE group. Third, 7-month-old mice fed a 200 mg/kg FRLFE diet for 10 months showed a significant decrease in glucose, triglyceride and lipid peroxide levels compared with mice fed a control diet. Collectively, these results support the concept that the flavanols present in FRLFE are well absorbed and bioactive.
AB - Many polyphenolic compounds are poorly digested, and have low bioavailability due to their long chain lengths and chemical composition. A processed, flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract (FRLFE) that is higher in flavanol monomers, dimer and trimers than its unprocessed counterpart, was tested in a variety of models. First, mature visceral adipocytes were treated with 0, 3, 10 or 30 μg/mL FRLFE (day 6-8). Compared with the controls, the treated cells had lower triglyceride concentrations, less lipid accumulation and a smaller lipid droplet size. Adiponectin release was significantly greater in cells receiving 3 or 10 μg/mL FRLFE than in the controls. Second, rats given a single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significant increases in plasma (-)-epicatechin, 3′-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin, and (+)-catechin levels, peak values were at approximately 2 h and appreciable concentrations were still detected at 6 h. Rats supplemented daily for 1 week with 50 or 100 mg/kg FRLFE had significantly elevated metabolite concentrations. In response to an oxidative stress, erythrocyte membrane integrity was significantly improved in the 100 mg/kg FRLFE group. Third, 7-month-old mice fed a 200 mg/kg FRLFE diet for 10 months showed a significant decrease in glucose, triglyceride and lipid peroxide levels compared with mice fed a control diet. Collectively, these results support the concept that the flavanols present in FRLFE are well absorbed and bioactive.
KW - Antioxidant
KW - Flavanol
KW - Lipids
KW - Polyphenol
KW - Reactive oxygen species
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77955634138&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77955634138&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ptr.3137
DO - 10.1002/ptr.3137
M3 - Article
C2 - 20309950
AN - SCOPUS:77955634138
VL - 24
SP - 1223
EP - 1228
JO - Phytotherapy Research
JF - Phytotherapy Research
SN - 0951-418X
IS - 8
ER -