TY - CHAP
T1 - Bartonella endocarditis
T2 - A pathology shared by animal reservoirs and patients
AU - Chomel, Bruno B
AU - Kasten, R. W.
AU - Williams, C.
AU - Wey, A. C.
AU - Henn, J. B.
AU - Maggi, R.
AU - Carrasco, S.
AU - Mazet, Jonna A
AU - Boulouis, H. J.
AU - Maillard, R.
AU - Breitschwerdt, E. B.
PY - 2009/5
Y1 - 2009/5
N2 - Bartonellae were first recognized to cause endocarditis in humans in 1993 when cases caused by Bartonella quintana, B. elizabethae, and B. henselae were reported. Since the first isolation of Bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii from a dog with endocarditis, this organism has emerged as an important pathogen in dogs and an emerging pathogen in people. Subsequently, four types of B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii have been described, all of which have been associated with endocarditis in dogs. A limited number of dog endocarditis cases have also been associated with B. clarridgeiae, B. washoensis, B. quintana, and B. rochalimae. The second canine B. clarridgeiae endocarditis case is presented. The clinical and pathological characteristics of Bartonella endocarditis in dogs are similar to disease observed in humans, more often affecting the aortic valve, presenting with highly vegetative lesions with accompanying calcification, and in most instances high antibody titers. Pathological features in dogs include a combination of fibrosis, mineralization, endothelial proliferation, and neovascularization with variable inflammation. Endocarditis has also been described in animal species, which are the natural reservoir of specific Bartonella species, once thought to be solely healthy carriers of these pathogens. A few Bartonella endocarditis cases, including B. henselae, have been reported in cats in the USA and Australia. The second case of B. henselae type Houston I identified in the USA is presented. Furthermore, two cases of B. bovis endocarditis were recently described in adult cows from France. Finally, on-going investigation of valvular endocarditis in free-ranging Alaskan sea otters suggests the involvement of Bartonella species.
AB - Bartonellae were first recognized to cause endocarditis in humans in 1993 when cases caused by Bartonella quintana, B. elizabethae, and B. henselae were reported. Since the first isolation of Bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii from a dog with endocarditis, this organism has emerged as an important pathogen in dogs and an emerging pathogen in people. Subsequently, four types of B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii have been described, all of which have been associated with endocarditis in dogs. A limited number of dog endocarditis cases have also been associated with B. clarridgeiae, B. washoensis, B. quintana, and B. rochalimae. The second canine B. clarridgeiae endocarditis case is presented. The clinical and pathological characteristics of Bartonella endocarditis in dogs are similar to disease observed in humans, more often affecting the aortic valve, presenting with highly vegetative lesions with accompanying calcification, and in most instances high antibody titers. Pathological features in dogs include a combination of fibrosis, mineralization, endothelial proliferation, and neovascularization with variable inflammation. Endocarditis has also been described in animal species, which are the natural reservoir of specific Bartonella species, once thought to be solely healthy carriers of these pathogens. A few Bartonella endocarditis cases, including B. henselae, have been reported in cats in the USA and Australia. The second case of B. henselae type Houston I identified in the USA is presented. Furthermore, two cases of B. bovis endocarditis were recently described in adult cows from France. Finally, on-going investigation of valvular endocarditis in free-ranging Alaskan sea otters suggests the involvement of Bartonella species.
KW - Bartonella
KW - Cats
KW - Cattle
KW - Dogs
KW - Endocarditis
KW - Reservoir
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67649687859&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=67649687859&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04523.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04523.x
M3 - Chapter
C2 - 19538271
AN - SCOPUS:67649687859
SN - 9781573317504
VL - 1166
T3 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
SP - 120
EP - 126
BT - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
ER -