Abstract
Animal and human studies suggest that Schistosoma mansoni infection may increase risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Therefore, we tested 345 reproductive age women in rural Tanzanian villages near Lake Victoria, where S. mansoni is hyperendemic, for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and schistosomiasis by circulating anodic antigen (CAA) serum assay. Over one-half (54%) had an active schistosome infection; 6% were HIV-seropositive. By univariate analysis, only schistosome infection predicted HIV infection (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9, 95% confidence interval = [1.3-12.0], P = 0.015) and remained significant using multivariate analysis to control for age, STIs, and distance from the lake (OR = 6.2 [1.7-22.9], P = 0.006). HIV prevalence was higher among women with more intense schistosome infections (P = 0.005), and the median schistosome intensity was higher in HIV-infected than -uninfected women (400 versus 15 pg CAA/mL, P = 0.01). This finding suggests that S. mansoni infection may be a modifiable HIV risk factor that places millions of people worldwide at increased risk of HIV acquisition.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 868-873 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
| Volume | 87 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 2012 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Parasitology
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Cite this
Association of schistosomiasis and HIV infection in Tanzania. / Downs, Jennifer A.; Van Dam, Govert J.; Changalucha, John M.; Corstjens, Paul L A M; Peck, Robert N.; De Dood, Claudia J.; Bang, Heejung; Andreasen, Aura; Kalluvya, Samuel E.; Van Lieshout, Lisette; Johnson, Warren D.; Fitzgerald, Daniel W.
In: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 87, No. 5, 11.2012, p. 868-873.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of schistosomiasis and HIV infection in Tanzania
AU - Downs, Jennifer A.
AU - Van Dam, Govert J.
AU - Changalucha, John M.
AU - Corstjens, Paul L A M
AU - Peck, Robert N.
AU - De Dood, Claudia J.
AU - Bang, Heejung
AU - Andreasen, Aura
AU - Kalluvya, Samuel E.
AU - Van Lieshout, Lisette
AU - Johnson, Warren D.
AU - Fitzgerald, Daniel W.
PY - 2012/11
Y1 - 2012/11
N2 - Animal and human studies suggest that Schistosoma mansoni infection may increase risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Therefore, we tested 345 reproductive age women in rural Tanzanian villages near Lake Victoria, where S. mansoni is hyperendemic, for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and schistosomiasis by circulating anodic antigen (CAA) serum assay. Over one-half (54%) had an active schistosome infection; 6% were HIV-seropositive. By univariate analysis, only schistosome infection predicted HIV infection (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9, 95% confidence interval = [1.3-12.0], P = 0.015) and remained significant using multivariate analysis to control for age, STIs, and distance from the lake (OR = 6.2 [1.7-22.9], P = 0.006). HIV prevalence was higher among women with more intense schistosome infections (P = 0.005), and the median schistosome intensity was higher in HIV-infected than -uninfected women (400 versus 15 pg CAA/mL, P = 0.01). This finding suggests that S. mansoni infection may be a modifiable HIV risk factor that places millions of people worldwide at increased risk of HIV acquisition.
AB - Animal and human studies suggest that Schistosoma mansoni infection may increase risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Therefore, we tested 345 reproductive age women in rural Tanzanian villages near Lake Victoria, where S. mansoni is hyperendemic, for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and schistosomiasis by circulating anodic antigen (CAA) serum assay. Over one-half (54%) had an active schistosome infection; 6% were HIV-seropositive. By univariate analysis, only schistosome infection predicted HIV infection (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9, 95% confidence interval = [1.3-12.0], P = 0.015) and remained significant using multivariate analysis to control for age, STIs, and distance from the lake (OR = 6.2 [1.7-22.9], P = 0.006). HIV prevalence was higher among women with more intense schistosome infections (P = 0.005), and the median schistosome intensity was higher in HIV-infected than -uninfected women (400 versus 15 pg CAA/mL, P = 0.01). This finding suggests that S. mansoni infection may be a modifiable HIV risk factor that places millions of people worldwide at increased risk of HIV acquisition.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84869119078&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0395
DO - 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0395
M3 - Article
C2 - 23033399
AN - SCOPUS:84869119078
VL - 87
SP - 868
EP - 873
JO - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
JF - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
SN - 0002-9637
IS - 5
ER -