Abstract
Background: Dietary energy density, or energy available in relation to gram intake, can inform disease risk. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between baseline dietary energy density and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women. Design: Dietary energy density, weight status, and type 2 diabetes incidence were prospectively characterized in a large cohort of postmenopausal women participating in one or more clinical trials or an observational study. Participants/setting: The study involved 161,808 postmenopausal women recruited to the Women's Health Initiative observational study or clinical trials at 40 centers across the United States between 1993 and 1998. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes. Statistical analyses performed: The association between dietary energy density quintiles and incident diabetes was tested using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: A total of 143,204 participants without self-reported diabetes at enrollment completed baseline dietary assessment and were followed for 12.7±4.6 years. Risk of diabetes developing was 24% greater for women in the highest dietary energy density quintile compared with the lowest after adjusting for confounders (95% CI 1.17 to 1.32). Body mass index (calculated as kg/m2) and waist circumference mediated the relationship between dietary energy density and diabetes. In waist circumference-stratified analysis, women in dietary energy density quintiles 2 to 5 with waist circumferences >88 cm were at 9% to 12% greater risk of diabetes developing compared with women with waist circumference ≤88 cm. Conclusions: In this prospective study, a higher baseline dietary energy density was associated with higher incidence of type 2 diabetes among postmenopausal women, both overall, and in women with elevated waist circumference.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Journal | Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics |
| DOIs | |
| State | Accepted/In press - Jun 2 2016 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Diabetes prevention
- Dietary behavior
- Dietary energy density
- Postmenopausal women
- Type 2 diabetes
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Food Science
- Nutrition and Dietetics
Cite this
Association between Dietary Energy Density and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative. / Hingle, Melanie D.; Wertheim, Betsy C.; Neuhouser, Marian L.; Tinker, Lesley F.; Howard, Barbara V.; Johnson, Karen; Liu, Simin; Phillips, Lawrence S.; Qi, Lihong; Sarto, Gloria; Turner, Tami; Waring, Molly E.; Thomson, Cynthia A.
In: Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 02.06.2016.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between Dietary Energy Density and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative
AU - Hingle, Melanie D.
AU - Wertheim, Betsy C.
AU - Neuhouser, Marian L.
AU - Tinker, Lesley F.
AU - Howard, Barbara V.
AU - Johnson, Karen
AU - Liu, Simin
AU - Phillips, Lawrence S.
AU - Qi, Lihong
AU - Sarto, Gloria
AU - Turner, Tami
AU - Waring, Molly E.
AU - Thomson, Cynthia A.
PY - 2016/6/2
Y1 - 2016/6/2
N2 - Background: Dietary energy density, or energy available in relation to gram intake, can inform disease risk. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between baseline dietary energy density and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women. Design: Dietary energy density, weight status, and type 2 diabetes incidence were prospectively characterized in a large cohort of postmenopausal women participating in one or more clinical trials or an observational study. Participants/setting: The study involved 161,808 postmenopausal women recruited to the Women's Health Initiative observational study or clinical trials at 40 centers across the United States between 1993 and 1998. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes. Statistical analyses performed: The association between dietary energy density quintiles and incident diabetes was tested using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: A total of 143,204 participants without self-reported diabetes at enrollment completed baseline dietary assessment and were followed for 12.7±4.6 years. Risk of diabetes developing was 24% greater for women in the highest dietary energy density quintile compared with the lowest after adjusting for confounders (95% CI 1.17 to 1.32). Body mass index (calculated as kg/m2) and waist circumference mediated the relationship between dietary energy density and diabetes. In waist circumference-stratified analysis, women in dietary energy density quintiles 2 to 5 with waist circumferences >88 cm were at 9% to 12% greater risk of diabetes developing compared with women with waist circumference ≤88 cm. Conclusions: In this prospective study, a higher baseline dietary energy density was associated with higher incidence of type 2 diabetes among postmenopausal women, both overall, and in women with elevated waist circumference.
AB - Background: Dietary energy density, or energy available in relation to gram intake, can inform disease risk. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between baseline dietary energy density and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women. Design: Dietary energy density, weight status, and type 2 diabetes incidence were prospectively characterized in a large cohort of postmenopausal women participating in one or more clinical trials or an observational study. Participants/setting: The study involved 161,808 postmenopausal women recruited to the Women's Health Initiative observational study or clinical trials at 40 centers across the United States between 1993 and 1998. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes. Statistical analyses performed: The association between dietary energy density quintiles and incident diabetes was tested using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: A total of 143,204 participants without self-reported diabetes at enrollment completed baseline dietary assessment and were followed for 12.7±4.6 years. Risk of diabetes developing was 24% greater for women in the highest dietary energy density quintile compared with the lowest after adjusting for confounders (95% CI 1.17 to 1.32). Body mass index (calculated as kg/m2) and waist circumference mediated the relationship between dietary energy density and diabetes. In waist circumference-stratified analysis, women in dietary energy density quintiles 2 to 5 with waist circumferences >88 cm were at 9% to 12% greater risk of diabetes developing compared with women with waist circumference ≤88 cm. Conclusions: In this prospective study, a higher baseline dietary energy density was associated with higher incidence of type 2 diabetes among postmenopausal women, both overall, and in women with elevated waist circumference.
KW - Diabetes prevention
KW - Dietary behavior
KW - Dietary energy density
KW - Postmenopausal women
KW - Type 2 diabetes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85008655954&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85008655954&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jand.2016.11.010
DO - 10.1016/j.jand.2016.11.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 28065634
AN - SCOPUS:85008655954
JO - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
JF - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
SN - 2212-2672
ER -