Analysis of contact mechanics and smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations of viscoelastic polymer sine waves

According the American Cancer Society's data, in 2013, an estimated 53,640 people developed head and neck cancers [1], which accounts for about 3% to 5% of all cancers in the United States. Removing head and neck malignant neoplasms is one of the first stages towards patient recovery. However, these types of invasive procedures often lead to disfiguring scars and resections with functional and aesthetical drawbacks (see Figure 1). Commonly a prosthesis attaches to the skin through the use of skin adhesives (liquid, gel, or tape) or magnets via boneanchored implants [3] . Placement of implants is intrusive and has a higher failure rate for irradiated patients whose skin and bone conditions have been compromised. For cancer patients or patients who wish to opt out of implant surgery, adhesive retention may be their only option. Although less invasive than magnetic attachments, adhesiveretained prosthesis can be cumbersome to apply and require sev-prosthesis prefer to wear their prosthesis as little as possible, with significant impact on their active life.